Association of Leu432Val (rs1056836) polymorphism of the CYP1B1 gene with lipid profile in hypertensive Slovak women

Leu432Val (rs1056836) polymorphism of the CYP1B1 gene was examined in relationship with lipid profile in hypertensive Slovak women according to their menopausal status. The entire study sample comprised 255 women suffering from hypertension aged from 39 to 65 years who were recruited from different localities in the western, southern, and middle parts of Slovakia. The participants provided a saliva or blood sample for DNA genotyping and a blood sample for biochemical analysis. The Leu432Val genotypes demonstrated statistically significant associations with all monitored atherogenic indices – total cholesterol-to-HDL-Cholesterol (AI1), Non-HDL-Cholesterol (AI2), LDL-Cholesterol-to-HDL-Cholesterol (AI3), and the logarithm of the ratio of plasma concentration of triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol (AIP log) in hypertensive pre/perimenopausal women. The mean values were significantly lower in women carrying the Val/Val genotype. In early postmenopausal hypertensive women the Leu432Val genotypes were statistically significant and associated with LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and AI2. The mean values of LDL-C and AI2 were significantly lower in women carrying the Leu/Leu genotype. In conclusion, the Leu432Val polymorphism may be associated with the atherogenic indices and LDL-C in hypertensive women

Contribution of environmental factors and female reproductive history to hypertension and obesity incidence in later life

Background Hypertension (HT) and obesity, which are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, are complex traits determined by multiple biological and behavioural factors. However, the role of female reproductive history in evaluating HT and obesity is still unclear. Aim To investigate the long-term effects of reproductive factors on the probability of obesity and HT in later life after adjusting for socio-demographic and lifestyle behaviour factors. Subjects and methods A total of 503 women (39 − 65 years) were recruited from different localities in Slovakia. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to test the associations. Results Early menarche age of 11 years and under was associated with twice higher probability of obesity at midlife, independent of environmental confounders (OR = 2.27, CI = 1.35 − 3.81, p = 0.002). Breastfeeding (Bf) women had a lower likelihood of obesity in later life than non-Bf parous women, independent of environmental confounders (OR = 0.35, CI = 0.17 − 0.72, p = 0.004). Finally, age at menarche was associated with obesity-associated HT. Conclusion Reproductive factors are significantly associated with obesity and obesity-associated HT in later life. The age at menarche and Bf can be risk factors for early identification of women with increased likelihood of adult cardiovascular risk

ACE Insertion/Deletion polymorphism (rs4646994) affects body composition in middle-aged premenopausal women with essential hypertension

This study assesses the association between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) I/D (rs4646994) polymorphism and body composition parameters in essential hypertension (HT) and menopausal status in Slovak women. The entire study sample comprised 575 women in two groups: 255 with HT and 320 without. Body composition parameters were measured by bioelectric impedance analyzer and ACE I/D polymorphism genotypes were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Premenopausal HT women with ACE II genotype had significantly lower body cell mass (p=0.004), extra- and intracellular water (p=0.027; p=0.004), fat free mass and muscle mass (p=0.006; P = 0.003), fat free mass index (p=0.006) and body cell mass index (p=0.003) than their ID/DD counterparts. These associations were not determined in normotensive and/or postmenopausal women. This study confirmed that ACE I/D gene polymorphism affects body composition in HT premenopausal women