Reconstruction of the skullcap with PMMA prototyped implant after decompressive craniectomy.

INTRODUCTION: Decompressive craniectomy is indicated for the treatment of intracranial hypertension in cases of serious traumatic brain injury. This surgery results in a bizarre appearance, as if "part of the head" had been. After regression of cerebral edema and when the patient is in good clinical condition, the reconstruction of the skull is indicated. Reconstruction of the skull can be performed with autologous bone or with alloplastic materials. This study sought to present the experience of the author with skull reconstructions using custom PMMA prostheses. METHODS: In between 2014 and 2015, fourteen patients with previous (longer than 6 months) decompressive craniectomies were selected after Neurosurgery medical clearance and underwent skull reconstruction with customized PMMA prototyped prostheses. Signs and symptoms of syndrome of the trephined, computed tomography, and aesthetic appearance of the patients were analyzed preoperatively and at 6 months after reconstruction. RESULTS: All patients presented with improved symptomatology, aesthetic improvement and expansion of the brain after surgery. CONCLUSION: Reconstruction of the skull with customized prototyped PMMA prostheses improved the signs and symptoms and the aesthetic appearance in all 14 patients of this series. The use of prototypes to customize cranial prostheses facilitates the operative technique and enables patients to develop a nearly normal cranial contour.INTRODUCTION: Decompressive craniectomy is indicated for the treatment of intracranial hypertension in cases of serious traumatic brain injury. This surgery results in a bizarre appearance, as if "part of the head" had been. After regression of cerebral edema and when the patient is in good clinical condition, the reconstruction of the skull is indicated. Reconstruction of the skull can be performed with autologous bone or with alloplastic materials. This study sought to present the experience of the author with skull reconstructions using custom PMMA prostheses. METHODS: In between 2014 and 2015, fourteen patients with previous (longer than 6 months) decompressive craniectomies were selected after Neurosurgery medical clearance and underwent skull reconstruction with customized PMMA prototyped prostheses. Signs and symptoms of syndrome of the trephined, computed tomography, and aesthetic appearance of the patients were analyzed preoperatively and at 6 months after reconstruction. RESULTS: All patients presented with improved symptomatology, aesthetic improvement and expansion of the brain after surgery. CONCLUSION: Reconstruction of the skull with customized prototyped PMMA prostheses improved the signs and symptoms and the aesthetic appearance in all 14 patients of this series. The use of prototypes to customize cranial prostheses facilitates the operative technique and enables patients to develop a nearly normal cranial contour

Resposta da soja e da biomassa de carbono do solo aos resíduos de cinco genótipos de sorgo.

O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influencia de residuos de cinco cultivares de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L.): CMS XS 376, CMS XS 365, BR 304, BR 700 e CMS XS 755 mo crescimento e desenvolvimento da soja. Esses residuos foram colhidos em tres estadios do desenvolvimento reprodutivo do sorgo: florescimento, enchimento de graos e maturacao. Os tratamentos estudados constaram da deposicao desses residuos na superficie do solo ou da sua total incorporacao na proporcao de 4 gkg1 de materia seca no solo (LEd, fase cerrado). Nos tratamentos com planta, mantiveram-se tres tres plantas de soja (cv. Doko) em vasos com capacidade para 3 kg de solo. Nos tratamentos sem planta, o solo foi amostrado semanalmente para avaliacao das formas de N. Apos a colheita da soja, amostras de planta e de solo, de cada tratamento, foram retiradas para determinar a absorcao total de N e a influencia desses residuos no N disponivel extraido com KC11 mol L4. Os resultados revelaram que alguns residuos culturais de sorgo afetaram, independentemente do estadio de colheita, o desenvolvimento da soja, a absorcao de N, o peso de nodulos e a biomassa microbiana do solo. Tais efeitos tambem foram dependentes do metodo de incorporacao do residuo. O teor de carbono imobilizado pela biomassa foi maior quando os residuos de sorgo foram distribuidos na superficie do solo

Resíduos de sorgo e o desenvolvimento vegetativo da soja.

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Health Economic Evaluations of Cancer in Brazil: A Systematic Review

Background: A large number of health economic evaluation (HEE) studies have been published in developed countries. However, Brazilian HEE literature in oncology has not been studied. Objective: To investigate whether the scientific literature has provided a set of HEE in oncology capable of supporting decision making in the Brazilian context.Methods: A systematic review was conducted to identify and characterize studies in this field. We searched multiple databases selecting partial and full HEE studies in oncology (1998-2013).Results: Fifty-five articles were reviewed, of these, 33 (60%) were full health economic evaluations. Type of cancers most frequently studied were: breast (38.2%), cervical (14.6%), lung (10.9%) and colorectal (9.1%). Procedures (47.3%) were the technologies most frequently evaluated. In terms of the intended purposes of the technologies, most (63.6%) were treatments. The majority of the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) reported have been below the cost-effectiveness threshold suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO).Conclusions: There has been an increase in the number of HEEs related to cancer in Brazil. These studies may support decision-making processes regarding the coverage of and reimbursement of healthcare technologies for cancer treatment in Brazil

New sulphated flavonoids from Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) C. Presl (Malvaceae)

Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) C. Presl (Malvaceae) is commonly used in Brazil to treat bee stings and as an antiseptic. The antioxidant properties of its extracts have been previously demonstrated, thus justifying a phytochemical investigation for its bioactive phenolic constituents. This has yielded five new sulphated flavonoids: 8-O-sulphate isoscutellarein (yannin) (1a); 4'-O-methyl-7-O-sulphate isoscutellarein (beltraonin) (1b); 7-O-sulphate acacetin (wissadulin) (2a); 4'-O-methyl-8-O-sulphate isoscutellarein (caicoine) (2b) and 3'-O-methyl-8-O-sulphate hypolaetin (pedroin) (3b) along with the known flavonoids 7,4'-di-O-methyl-8-O-sulphate isoscutellarein (4), acacetin, apigenin, isoscutellarein, 4´-O-methyl isoscutellarein, 7,4'-di-O-methylisoscutellarein, astragalin and tiliroside. The compounds were isolated by column chromatography and identified by NMR (¹H, (13)C, HMQC, HMBC and COSY) and LC-HRMS. A cell based assay was carried out to evaluate the preliminary cytotoxic properties of the flavonoids against UVW glioma and PC-3M prostate cancer cells as well as non-tumour cell lines. The obtained results showed that acacetin, tiliroside, a mixture of acacetin + apigenin and the sulphated flavonoids 2a + 2b exhibited inhibitory activity against at least one of the cell lines tested. Among the tested flavonoids acacetin and tiliroside showed lower IC50 values, presenting promising antitumor effects

Avaliação ultrassonográfica e número de estruturas embrionárias coletadas pelo método não cirúrgico em cabras leiteiras.

O objetivo do estudo foi comparar o número de CL aferidos após ultrassonografia e o número de embriões coletados após protocolo de superovulação em cabras leiteiras. O estudo foi realizado no município de Piau, região da Zona da Mata do estado de Minas Gerais. O exame ultrassonográfico prévio às coletas de embriões pode ser utilizado para avaliar a resposta superuvalatória e a eficiência do lavado não cirúrgico em cabras. Além de evitar o custo do lavado em animais que não responderam ao tratamento superovulatório