The pace of the leader: pacing patterns, time management behaviors and temporal leadership

Classificações JEL: L84, M12O presente estudo propõe um novo modelo de análise que relaciona os conceitos de comportamentos de gestão do tempo (Macan, 1994, 1996), ritmo de distribuição do esforço (Gevers et al., 2015), liderança temporal (Mohammed and Nadkarni, 2011), tempo disponível e autonomia no trabalho (Hornsby et al., 1999) com o objetivo de analisar as relações existentes entre si. A partir da análise de 176 respostas de chefias de equipas a um questionário, os resultados indicam a importância de comportamentos ligados ao estabelecimento de objetivos seguidos pelos comportamentos relacionados com a preferência pela organização no contexto dos comportamentos de gestão do tempo, demonstrando como ambos promovem um estilo constante de distribuição do esforço na execução de tarefas dentro de prazos préestabelecidos. Por sua vez verificou-se uma associação positiva entre este estilo de distribuição de esforço e a liderança temporal. Em relação à perceção subjetiva de falta de tempo não foi encontrada nenhuma associação significativa com os estilos de distribuição de esforço (steady e deadline pacing style) o que sugere que essa sensação não está relacionada com a forma como distribuímos o nosso esforço na execução das tarefas mas, com comportamentos de gestão de tempo deficientes.This study suggests a new model of analysis that relates the concepts of time management behaviors (Macan, 1994, 1996), pacing style (Gevers et al., 2015), team temporal leadership (Mohammed and Nadkarni, 2011), time availability and work discretion (Hornsby et al., 1999) in order to analyze the interplay between them. Departing from 176 team leaders responses to a survey, results show the importance of behaviors linked to the establishment of goals followed by behaviors related to the preference for organization in the context of time management behavior, demonstrating how both promote a steady pacing style of effort distribution in performing tasks within the deadlines. In turn there was a positive association between the effort distribution and the temporal leadership. Regarding the subjective lack of time perception there was no significant association with the distribution of effort (steady and deadline pacing style) which suggests that this perception is not related to how we distribute our efforts in performing the tasks but with poor time management behaviors

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data