Examples of strain typing results using pulse-field gel electrophoresis.

<p>Panels A and B: Identical PFGE patterns generated from carbapenem-resistant MDR <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (five individual patients A₁-A₅, panel A) and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (five individual patients K₁-K₅, panel B) highly suggestive of nosocomial transmission. Panel C: Identical PFGE patterns of carbapenem-susceptible (P₁) and carbapenem-resistant (P₂) MDR <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> isolates from the same patient (blood culture and bronchioalveolar lavage, respectively) exemplifying acquisition of carbapenem-resistance under therapy. The time span between detection of the carbapenem-susceptible and carbapenem-resistant isolate was 21 days. Abbreviations: M, DNA Marker; C, unrelated clinical control isolate (same species, obtained outside the study period).</p

Distribution, initiation of treatment and in-hospital mortality of patients colonized or infected with carbapenem-resistant MDR-GNB.

<p>Distribution, initiation of treatment and in-hospital mortality of patients colonized or infected with carbapenem-resistant MDR-GNB.</p

Detection of carbapenemase alleles in clinical MDR-GNB isolates.

<p>Detection of carbapenemase alleles in clinical MDR-GNB isolates.</p

Clinical characteristics, microbiology data and outcome of patients treated with ceftolozane/tazobactam or ceftazidime/avibactam during the study period.

<p>Clinical characteristics, microbiology data and outcome of patients treated with ceftolozane/tazobactam or ceftazidime/avibactam during the study period.</p

Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens in a German university medical center: Prevalence, clinical implications and the role of novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations - Fig 3

<p><b>Colistin minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for a) <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, b) <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and c) <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> isolates.</b> Shown are non-duplicate isolates from individual patients. Dashed line: Clinical breakpoint according to EUCAST Breakpoint Table v.7.0 (MIC ≤ 2 mg/L, susceptible; MIC > 2 mg/L resistant).</p

Comparison of baseline variables between patients initiated on fluconazole 800mg and those initiated on fluconazole 1200mg.

a<p>Continuous variables analysed by Wilcoxon test, categorical variables analysed by χ²-test test.</p>b<p>Includes blindness, cranial nerve palsies or focal weakness.</p><p>Comparison of baseline variables between patients initiated on fluconazole 800mg and those initiated on fluconazole 1200mg.</p

A shows survival on fluconazole therapy for all 60 patients.

<p>The solid line shows estimated proportion of survivors and the dotted lines show 95% confidence intervals. Amongst the 47 patients who did not survive on fluconazole to 52 weeks, two had positive CSF cultures at 10 weeks and were switched to fluconazole. The remaining 45 died. <b>B</b> shows survival on fluconazole stratified by baseline GCS. 2 patients (one who died in the first week and one who survived to 52 weeks) were excluded from this analysis as no baseline GCS was recorded. The solid line represents patients with baseline GCS≥14 and the dotted line represents patients with baseline GCS<14. Hazard ratio for death or treatment failure by 52 weeks: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.07–4.06 p = 0.030.</p

Baseline factors associated with treatment outcome by 10 and 52 weeks.

<p>Baseline factors associated with treatment outcome by 10 and 52 weeks.</p

Morbidity, mortality, and HIV prevalence.

<p>Morbidity, mortality, and HIV prevalence.</p

Baseline factors associated with treatment outcome by 4 weeks.

1<p>All treatment failures in the first 4 weeks died.</p>2<p>Baseline GCS known for 58 patients (25 failed, 33 survived).</p>3<p>Baseline AMTS performed on 44 patients (14 failed, 30 survived).</p>4<p>ART status known for 36 patients (n = 16 failed, n = 20 survived).</p>5<p>CSF glucose result available from 44 patients (18 failed, 26 survived).</p>6<p>CSF protein results available from 46 patients (20 failed, 26 survived).</p