Genetic and morphological patterns in populations of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera:Culicidade).

O diptero Culex quinquefasciatus, devido ao seu interesse médico, tem sido alvo de diversas tentativas de controle populacional que acabam enfrentando como fator limitante a microevolução. Para verificar a presença de variação populacional indicativa de microevolução, foram coletadas e comparadas amostras de dois locais dentro do Estado de São Paulo: O Parque Ecológico do Tietê, no município de São Paulo e em Pariquera-Açú, no Vale do Ribeira. A análise morfométrica das asas revelou que há diferença de forma e tamanho entre as populações e que o dimorfismo sexual é evidente e a assimetria bilateral alar é pouco pronunciada nas duas populações. A micrografia de ovos mostrou diferenças interpopulacionais quanto à altura dos tubérculos do exocórion. O padrão de bandas observado na análise do DNA ribossômico foi homogêneo. O fluxo gênico entre essas populações parece reduzido, fato que reflete diretamente a dinâmica dispersional desses mosquitos, fenômeno que pode ter implicações diretas na transmissão de eventuais doenças veiculadas por esses insetos.Culex quinquefasciatus is a pantropical synanthropic species of great medical interest. Several attempts to control this species have fail due to its microvelution of resistance to insecticides. In order to detect populational variation indicative of microevolution, two populational samples from State of São Paulo were compared: São Paulo municipality (Park Ecológico do Tietê) and Pariquera-Açú municipality. Biological parameters were wing morphometrics, exochorion micrography and ribosomal DNA. Wings characters revealed shape and size divergencies between populations. Exochorion were also interpopulationally different. Polymorphisms observed may be a result of genetic differentiation. rDNA was homogeneous intra and interpopulationally. Gene flow between populations appears to be reduced, which may be closely related to the dispersional dynamics of these mosquitoes. Such interpretation is relevant to a better understanding of transmission of diseases by these insects

Genetic-morphometric variation in Culex quinquefasciatus from Brazil and La Plata, Argentina

Variation among natural populations of Culex (Culex) quinquefasciatus Say is associated with different vectorial capacities. The species Cx. quinquefasciatus is present in the equatorial, tropical and subtropical zones in the Brazilian territory, with intermediate forms between Cx. quinquefasciatus and Culex pipiens occurring in regions of latitudes around 33°-35°S. Herein, we studied geographically distinct populations of Cx. quinquefasciatus by genetic characterization and analysis of intra-specific wing morphometrics. After morphological analysis, molecular characterization of Cx. quinquefasciatus and intermediate forms was performed by polymerase chain reaction of the polymorphic nuclear region of the second intron of the acetylcholinesterase locus. Additionally, the morphology of adult female wings collected from six locations was analyzed. Wing centroid sizes were significantly different between some geographical pairs. Mean values of R2/R2+3 differed significantly after pairwise comparisons. The overall wing shape represented by morphometric characters could be divided into two main groupings. Our data suggest that Brazilian samples are morphologically and genetically distinct from the Argentinean samples and also indicated a morphological distinction between northern and southern populations of Brazilian Cx. quinquefasciatus. We suggest that wing morphology may be used for preliminary assessment of population structure of Cx. quinquefasciatusin Brazil

Delorme's technique as an option for the treatment of the rectal prolapse recurrence: case Report

Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-11T20:58:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010O prolapso retal é uma protrusão de todas as camadas do reto no sentido anal caracterizando um aspecto clínico de um tumor anal, inicialmente ele resulta de um esforço intenso com uma redução espontânea e posteriormente ele resulta de um esforço menor com dificuldade na redução. A incidência é maior em mulheres. O diagnóstico é essencialmente clínico e o tratamento é cirúrgico. Relato de caso: NM, 65 anos, diabético e hipertenso, submetido a sacropromontofixação associada a técnica de Moscowicz com recidiva após um mês, então a técnica de Delorme foi utilizada com sucesso. Discussão: os procedimentos abdominais são indicados para pacientes com menor risco cirúrgico devido a grande complexidade e menor taxa de recidiva. Dentre os procedimentos perineais, a técnica de Delorme possui uma aplicação simples, contudo com uma alta taxa de recidiva. A técnica de Delorme possui uma menor taxa de mortalidade e foi a melhor conduta para este paciente.The rectal prolapse is a protusion of all the layers of the rectum through the anus, characterizing a clinical picture of anal tumor, initially it results of great efforts with spontaneous reduction and subsequently it results of small efforts with difficult reduction. The incidence is bigger in women. The diagnosis is essentially clinical and the treatment is surgical. Case Report: NM, 65 years, diabetic and hypertensive, subjected to sacropromontoryfixation associated to Moscowicz's technique with recurrence after one month, so the technique of Delorme was used successfully. Discussion: the abdominal procedures are indicated for patients with less surgical risk due to its bigger complexity and smaller tax of recurrence. Among the perineal proceedings perineais, the technique of Delorme has simpler execution, however with a bigger rate of recurrence. The technique of Delorme has a smaller rate of mortality and it was the best conduct for this patient.[César, Maria Auxiliadora Prolungatti; Vasconcellos, Bruna Moratore; Soares, Carla Beatriz Carneiro da Cunha; Campos, Carolina Calafiori de; Salera, Camila; Bortman, Daniela; Sansoni, Gabriel Contreira; Leite, Júlia Mota; Gomes, Luciana Vendramel Tenório; Silva, Nina Rosa Konichi da; Muniz, Rafaela Cristina Coelho; Coradini, Renata Martins] Universidade de Taubaté, Brazi