Living up to our students’ expectations – using student voice to influence the way academics think about their undergraduates learning and their own teaching

Understanding the student learning experience is essential if Higher Education Institutions (HEI) are to provide an education for the 21st century. This study investigated students’ perspectives on their learning experiences and offered undergraduates a chance to influence the way academics think about learning and teaching.Participants were drawn from two UK HEIs and a semi structured focus group approach was adopted. A total of nine focus groups consisting of 3-7 participants were drawn from across all Sport degree year groups in both institutions. Assessment, pedagogy and teacher characteristics emerged as primary concerns across both institutions. Assessment was appreciated by all students as key to their learning but was exposed as being overly traditional and rigid in its application. Students were unanimous in their support for small group pedagogies, rejecting traditional powerpoint dominated lecturing styles. The emphasis on the behaviour of, and delivery by, tutors was noteworthy.Students appraised the development of their academic skills and confidence, linking these to motivation, knowledge, self-awareness and critical reflection. In doing so they understood the impact of inconsistencies in tutors’ teaching practices. The onus is on every tutor to combine imaginative assessment with dynamic and relational experiences in order to provide a strong foundation for flexible, reflective and creative graduates

Physical activity and sedentary behaviour and their associations with clinical measures in axial spondyloarthritis

Engaging in physical activity (PA) is a key aspect in the management of axial spondyloarthritis (axial SpA), however, its relationship with clinical measures is unknown. Previous research has mainly focused on subjective methods of measuring PA and sedentary behaviour (SB). The aim of this study was to explore the associations between objectively measured PA and SB with clinical measures in people with established axial SpA. Fifty participants were recruited from secondary-care rheumatology outpatient services in Glasgow, UK. Clinical measures collected included; Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI), Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQOL) and the Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT). PA and SB were measured using the activPAL3 tri-axial accelerometer. Data from forty-five participants were included (23 males, average age 49 ± 12 years). Participants accumulated an average of 93.2 ± 41.5 min/day walking with an average of 7200 ± 3397 steps/day. The majority of the day (65%) was spent sitting, accumulated in prolonged bouts. Walking time and steps taken/day were associated with better BASFI (r = − 0.395, p = 0.007 and r = − 0.404, p = 0.006), ASQOL (r = − 0.375, p = 0.011 and r = − 0.361, p = 0.015) and 6MWT (r = 0.396, p = 0.007 and r = 0.421, p = 0.004); while longer walking events were associated with better BASMI (rho = − 0.352, p = 0.018), BASFI (rho = − 0.316, p = 0.034) and 6MWT (rho = 0.404, p = 0.006). SB was associated with worse ASQOL (r = 0.380, p = 0.010) and 6MWT (6MWT, r = − 0.357, p = 0.016). In people with axial SpA PA is associated with better function, exercise capacity and spinal mobility, while SB is associated with lower exercise capacity and poor quality of life. These findings support the promotion of PA and reduction of SB in people with axial SpA

Justice & the Rule of Law as artefact: the Design of the UK Supreme Court

ABSTRACT THE RESEARCH PROBLEM The concept of justice is an integral part of every democratic society. What exactly it means in any age is always the subject of debate but there is no doubt that it exists. The aspiration to achieve justice is timeless, transcending history and national borders and acknowledged by some of the most influential texts in UK history: The Magna Carta, in 1215, The American Constitution in 1787, The Great Reform Act in 1867, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, The Human Rights Act in 1998. (1) The UKSC is the means by which this aspiration is secured: the bricks and mortar and golden robes, are all the physical manifestation of a national aspiration to be governed justly and in accordance with the rule of law. It is the highest point of arbitration between the individual and the state. Its rulings reflecting the constant tensions between competing interests, shaping the relationship between the state and those it seeks to govern. This Masters Study explores the interface between the aspiration for justice, the intangible artefact of the rule of law, and the architectural design of its physical space : a UK Supreme Court building, hereafter UKSC. It asks the question what is the appropriate artefact to give physical expression to the presence of the intangible cultural artefact the rule of law

Melatonin as a potential therapy for sepsis : a phase I dose escalation study and an ex vivo whole blood model under conditions of sepsis

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This study was funded by the Chief Scientist Office, NHS Scotland. We would like to thank all the volunteers who gave up their time and blood to take part in the study and the data monitoring committee and staff of the intensive care unit for their support. In addition, thanks to Dr Malachy Columb for performing Page's trend test for us and to Annette Fearnley at Nu-Pharm Ltd for her advice.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Is Injury an Occupational Hazard for Horseracing Staff?

Occupational health is a key priority for the horseracing industry, yet little research on occupational injuries exists. This study investigated the prevalence and the effect of injury in British horseracing staff during a 12-month period. An online retrospective survey was answered by 352 participants, identifying self-reported injury prevalence, injury management practices and attitudes towards workplace injury reporting. Chi Squared tests for independence were undertaken. A total of 310 (88.1%) staff reported injuries; risk factors for injury type included self-perceived job security, working hours, and perceived job control. Physical limitations, loss of confidence, workplace changes, and lifestyle implications were reported as consequences of injury. A total of 75.3% (n = 134) of staff were likely to seek time-off following fractures, but only 48.6% (n = 86) would take time-off for concussion. Attitudes towards injury management were influenced by financial circumstances, perceived staff shortages, previous injury experiences, and perceived employer expectations. The high self-reported injury prevalence could result in decreased workforce efficiency, poor physical health, and negative implications on retention and career longevity. The perception of invisible injuries, i.e., concussion, and subsequent management, should be of immediate concern to racing organizations. This paper identifies recommendations to enhance the safety and wellbeing of horseracing staff