A multiplicative potential approach to solutions for cooperative TU-games

Concerning the solution theory for cooperative games with transferable utility, it is well-known that the Shapley value is the most appealing representative of the family of (not necessarily efficient) game-theoretic solutions with an additive potential representation. This paper introduces a new solution concept, called Multiplicativily Proportional ($MP$) value, that can be regarded as the counterpart of the Shapley value if the additive potential approach to the solution theory is replaced by a multiplicative potential approach in that the difference of two potential evaluations is replaced by its quotient. One out of two main equivalence theorems states that every solution with a multiplicative potential representation is equivalent to this specifically chosen efficient value in that the solution of the initial game coincides with the $MP$ value of an auxiliary game. The associated potential function turns out to be of a multiplicative form (instead of an additive form) with reference to the worth of all the coalitions. The second equivalence theorem presents four additional characterizations of solutions that admit a multiplicative potential representation, e.g., preservation of discrete ratios or path independence

Where’s the Remote? Face Time, Remote Work, and Implications for Performance Management

[Excerpt] Yahoo CEO Marissa Mayer’s ban on telecommuting and the subsequent uproar over that decision highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the impact of remote work. Although it would prove comforting to assert that the peer-reviewed findings of the social and managerial sciences are in accord as to the benefits of telework in the face of the discord among organizational leaders, the reality is that little such agreement exists. Consequently, the proponents of remote work in management and HR are given little support in defense of such potentially large-scale initiatives or interventions. To that end, what follows is a discussion of the relative merits of remote work, as compared to the traditional conception of work, and an exploration of the practical implications for HR practitioners in performance management and employee evaluation

Statistical evaporation of rotating clusters. IV. Alignment effects in the dissociation of nonspherical clusters

Unimolecular evaporation in rotating, non-spherical atomic clusters is investigated using Phase Space Theory in its orbiting transition state version. The distributions of the total kinetic energy release epsilon_tr and the rotational angular momentum J_r are calculated for oblate top and prolate top main products with an arbitrary degree of deformation. The orientation of the angular momentum of the product cluster with respect to the cluster symmetry axis has also been obtained. This statistical approach is tested in the case of the small 8-atom Lennard-Jones cluster, for which comparison with extensive molecular dynamics simulations is presented. The role of the cluster shape has been systematically studied for larger, model clusters in the harmonic approximation for the vibrational densities of states. We find that the type of deformation (prolate vs. oblate) plays little role on the distributions and averages of epsilon_tr and J_r except at low initial angular momentum. However, alignment effects between the product angular momentum and the symmetry axis are found to be significant, and maximum at some degree of oblateness. The effects of deformation on the rotational cooling and heating effects are also illustrated.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure

Correction: de Gonzalo, G. Lipase Catalysed Kinetic Resolution of Racemic 1,2-Diols Containing a Chiral Quaternary Center. Molecules 2018, 23, 1585

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Crises in Emerging Market Economies: A Global Perspective

The paper argues that global financial factors played an important role in the capital-inflow episode in Emerging Market economies (EMs), during the early part of the 1990s, and clearly in the Sudden Stop (of capital inflows) crises that took place after the 1998 Russian crisis. Moreover, the paper shows that recovery after crises that exhibit large output loss (more than 5 percent of GDP from peak to trough) occurs in a Phoenix-like fashion: little credit or investment is required. These results strongly suggest that: (1) deep financial crises can be prevented or at least largely alleviated and (2) global institutions and arrangements should be high on the policy agenda. The paper then discusses an Emerging Market Fund (EMF) charged with the task of lowering the incidence of contagion in EM bond prices. In addition, the paper analyzes domestic policies and concludes that they are critical and important in making EMs less vulnerable to shocks but are unlikely to succeed in fully shielding these economies from global financial shocks if not supported by arrangements like the EMF. Finally, two sections of the paper are devoted to discussing some current issues regarding applicable theory and econometrics.

Does Working Longer Make People Healthier and Happier?

PURPOSE: This study addresses the impact of late-life paid work on physical and psychological well-being. METHODS: Longitudinal data was drawn from the Health and Retirement Survey and the RAND-HRS data base for more than 6,000 individuals aged 59 to 69 who were working or not-working in the year 2000 and were alive in 2002. Well-being was assessed by using a set of six measures including: self-rated health; self-rated memory; activities of daily living; instrumental activities of daily living and mood indicators. The study controls for previous well-being status in 1998 and for demographic and socioeconomic factors. RESULTS: Those who worked in 2000 tended to report greater well-being in 2002 than those who did not work in 2000, even after introducing rigorous controls (pwork; retirement; health; happiness; mortality; well-being; old age; policy; job satisfaction; control