A novel semi-fragile forensic watermarking scheme for remote sensing images

Peer-reviewedA semi-fragile watermarking scheme for multiple band images is presented. We propose to embed a mark into remote sensing images applying a tree structured vector quantization approach to the pixel signatures, instead of processing each band separately. The signature of themmultispectral or hyperspectral image is used to embed the mark in it order to detect any significant modification of the original image. The image is segmented into threedimensional blocks and a tree structured vector quantizer is built for each block. These trees are manipulated using an iterative algorithm until the resulting block satisfies a required criterion which establishes the embedded mark. The method is shown to be able to preserve the mark under lossy compression (above a given threshold) but, at the same time, it detects possibly forged blocks and their position in the whole image.Se presenta un esquema de marcas de agua semi-frágiles para múltiples imágenes de banda. Proponemos incorporar una marca en imágenes de detección remota, aplicando un enfoque de cuantización del vector de árbol estructurado con las definiciones de píxel, en lugar de procesar cada banda por separado. La firma de la imagen hiperespectral se utiliza para insertar la marca en el mismo orden para detectar cualquier modificación significativa de la imagen original. La imagen es segmentada en bloques tridimensionales y un cuantificador de vector de estructura de árbol se construye para cada bloque. Estos árboles son manipulados utilizando un algoritmo iteractivo hasta que el bloque resultante satisface un criterio necesario que establece la marca incrustada. El método se muestra para poder preservar la marca bajo compresión con pérdida (por encima de un umbral establecido) pero, al mismo tiempo, detecta posiblemente bloques forjados y su posición en la imagen entera.Es presenta un esquema de marques d'aigua semi-fràgils per a múltiples imatges de banda. Proposem incorporar una marca en imatges de detecció remota, aplicant un enfocament de quantització del vector d'arbre estructurat amb les definicions de píxel, en lloc de processar cada banda per separat. La signatura de la imatge hiperespectral s'utilitza per inserir la marca en el mateix ordre per detectar qualsevol modificació significativa de la imatge original. La imatge és segmentada en blocs tridimensionals i un quantificador de vector d'estructura d'arbre es construeix per a cada bloc. Aquests arbres són manipulats utilitzant un algoritme iteractiu fins que el bloc resultant satisfà un criteri necessari que estableix la marca incrustada. El mètode es mostra per poder preservar la marca sota compressió amb pèrdua (per sobre d'un llindar establert) però, al mateix temps, detecta possiblement blocs forjats i la seva posició en la imatge sencera

La falsificazione epigrafica. Questioni di metodo e casi di studio

This paper aims to reconsider the manuscript by Jacopo Valvasone (1499-1570), formerly owned by the Earl of Leicester (now British Library, Additional MS 49369), which Theodor Mommsen borrowed and inspected in 1876, just before the publication of the second part of CIL V. In the letter that he wrote to thank the Vicar and Librarian of Halkham Hall, Mommsen declared that Valvasone joined \u201cthe the long list of forgers\u201d. The analysis of forgeries in Valvasone\u2019s manuscript could show whether Mommsen was right in his opinion

Iura sepulcrorum in context: il caso dell'Isola Sacra

Sebbene esista una bibliografia ricca e aggiornata sul diritto delle tombe, solo raramente si è cercato di mettere il relazione le iscrizioni contenenti iura sepulcrorum con il contesto di appartenenza. Riprendendo il contributo di Sergio Lazzarini, Sepulcra familiaria: un'indagine epigrafico-giuridica, Milano, 1991, ma estendendo il campione, è questo l'obiettivo della mia ricerca. Ancora una volta come caso di studio viene presa la necropoli dell'Isola Sacra, la quale, per le sue particolari condizioni di conservazione e per l'abbondanza dei documenti relativi ai iura sepulcrorum che ha restituito, permette di contestualizzare le informazioni veicolate attraverso le epigrafi in materia di assetto della proprietà, vicende edilizie del sepolcro, significato della indicazione delle misure, diritto di ammissione e diritto di accesso al sepolcro.Although there is a rich and up-to-date bibliography on the law of tombs, it has only rarely been attempted to relate the inscriptions containing iura sepulcrorum with the context of belonging. Starting from the contribution of Sergio Lazzarini, Sepulcra familiaria: un'indagine epigrafico-giuridica, Milano, 1991, but extending the sample, this is the goal of my research. Once again, as a case study, the necropolis of the Isola Sacra is taken, which, due to its particular conditions of conservation and the abundance of the documents relating to the iura sepulcrorum that it it has passed on, allows to contextualize the information conveyed through the epigraphs concerning the condition of the property, building history of the tomb, meaning of the indication of the measures, right of admission and right of access to the tomb

ONORARE MATER MAGNA A ROMA: L’USO DEL GRECO

Among 48 sacred dedications to Mater Magna from Rome we distinguish 23 altars erected in connection with the taurobolium/criobolium. Most of them were found in the Vatican area, where the Cataloghi Regionari locate the Phrygianum. All have an inscription in Latin except four which, in addition to being metrical, are in Greek or Greek/Latin. They were republished by L. Moretti in IGUR, I 126-129 but they deserve now specific treatment, as a separate group, not attempted to date. We will try to show how Greek was used not only as a language of ‘mysteries’ but above all to claim a family identity within an aristocratic group, the gens C(a)eionia of the Fourth century, to build and communicate an elite culture in an age of transition

Agoni alla greca in Italia: il contributo dei mosaici di età imperiale

The contribution aims to discuss the interpretation of the mosaics with sports scenes as examples of Greek agones. From time to time we will try to distinguish not only if the sporting scene represented represents training or a competition, but also, in the latter case, if it actually represents the competition in the stadium on the occasion of Greek agones or other kinds of spectacles. Likewise we will try to distinguish if every time we see an athlete represented it must be an international star or it cannot instead be an athlete of more modest importance. On this occasion, only the material that comes from Italy will be considered

Iscrizioni greche genuine e falsae nella collezione di John Kemp

La collezione epigrafica di John Kemp (1665–1717), formata sul finire del XVII secolo e messa all'asta nel marzo 1721, si impone all'attenzione poiché per un terzo era costituita da iscrizioni greche. Delle undici iscrizioni greche, tuttavia, solo quattro erano certamente genuine. Il contributo mira a ricostruire da una parte i processi che portarono le quattro iscrizioni genuine dalle loro sedi originarie in Gran Bretagna, dall'altra le modalità di produzione e di commercializzazione delle sette iscrizioni “falsae”. La collezione Kemp, pur nelle sue limitate dimensioni, è di grande importanza poiché anticipa fenomeni che saranno tipici del secolo successivo.The epigraphic collection of John Kemp (1665–1717), formed at the end of the 17th century and auctioned in March 1721, draws attention because for a third it consisted of Greek inscriptions. However, only four of the eleven Greek inscriptions were certainly genuine. The paper aims to reconstruct on the one hand the processes that brought the four genuine inscriptions from their original contexts in Great Britain, on the other hand the methods of production and distribution of the seven fakes inscriptions. The Kemp collection, despite its limited dimensions, is of great importance since it anticipates phenomena that will be typical of the following century

Recensione a Silvia Braito, L’imprenditoria al femminile nell’Italia romana: le produttrici di opus doliare, Scienze e Lettere, Roma 2020, 450 pp.; [ISBN 9788866871729]

Storia sociale e storia economica si incontrano nel bel libro di Silvia Braito che ha come protagoniste le donne imprenditrici dell’Italia romana

Le fonti hanno sempre ragione? Agrippa, il Campo Marzio e la riorganizzazione delle factiones circenses

Until recent excavations in the area between Via Giulia and the Palazzo della Cancelleria, the reorganization of the circus factiones and the construction of the stabula factionum in western Campus Martius was based on the interpretation of three Latin inscriptions coming from Rome and a passage by Cassius Dio: the set of documents seems to trace the operation to Agrippa. However, a careful examination of the epigraphic documents and their tradition projected against the background of 16th century antiquarian studies leads us to believe that the passage by Cassius Dio was the basis for a Pirro Ligorio’s refined invention. If we remove from the three inscriptions their value as “sources” but we want, to get an idea of Agrippa’s contribution, we will have to reconsider Cassius Dio, we will have to rethink the extension of the properties of Augustus’ sonin-law in the Campus Martius, we will have to take into account the results of new archaeological excavations in the area of stabula factionum

Inscriptions latines alienae en Corse

Seven inscriptions from Corsica, now known through the Carte archéologique de la Gaule (CAG) dedicated to Corsica, generate suspicion of extraneousness to the island. All, except one inscription found in Aleria, were reused in churches; some of them belong to classes of monuments whose certain existence on the spot is not known or have a figurative apparatus that has no comparison with what is certainly produced by local workshops or show nomina not otherwise attested on the island or finally bear a form extraneous to the epigraphic habit of the territory