Hyperbolic Interaction Model For Hierarchical Multi-Label Classification

Different from the traditional classification tasks which assume mutual exclusion of labels, hierarchical multi-label classification (HMLC) aims to assign multiple labels to every instance with the labels organized under hierarchical relations. Besides the labels, since linguistic ontologies are intrinsic hierarchies, the conceptual relations between words can also form hierarchical structures. Thus it can be a challenge to learn mappings from word hierarchies to label hierarchies. We propose to model the word and label hierarchies by embedding them jointly in the hyperbolic space. The main reason is that the tree-likeness of the hyperbolic space matches the complexity of symbolic data with hierarchical structures. A new Hyperbolic Interaction Model (HyperIM) is designed to learn the label-aware document representations and make predictions for HMLC. Extensive experiments are conducted on three benchmark datasets. The results have demonstrated that the new model can realistically capture the complex data structures and further improve the performance for HMLC comparing with the state-of-the-art methods. To facilitate future research, our code is publicly available

“Cultural and Creative IP” Empowerment Model for Red Culture under the New Media Environment

Boasting exemplary national qualities and high educational value, Red Culture is a unique spiritual wealth that make the Chinese nation stand out from the rest nations. Under the new media environment, however, the collision between the disparate characteristics of Red Culture and new media has given rise to the predicament plaguing the communication of Red Culture. With the advent of the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, both tangible and intangible cultural heritage and resources are being valued, tapped and cultivated across the country. With the cultural and creative industry in the ascendant, the concept of intellectual property (“IP”) has seeped into all aspects of our everyday lives. Against that backdrop, this study attempts to explore novel ways to link up the Red Culture resources scattered across China, to combine education with cultural tourism through the “4+5+2” cultural and creative IP empowerment model, and to pass on and spread Red Culture and add new value to the industry on the strength of influential IPs

Application of machine learning for risky sexual behavior interventions among factory workers in China

IntroductionAssessing the likelihood of engaging in high-risk sexual behavior can assist in delivering tailored educational interventions. The objective of this study was to identify the most effective algorithm and assess high-risk sexual behaviors within the last six months through the utilization of machine-learning models.MethodsThe survey conducted in the Longhua District CDC, Shenzhen, involved 2023 participants who were employees of 16 different factories. The data was collected through questionnaires administered between October 2019 and November 2019. We evaluated the model's overall predictive classification performance using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. All analyses were performed using the open-source Python version 3.9.12.ResultsAbout a quarter of the factory workers had engaged in risky sexual behavior in the past 6 months. Most of them were Han Chinese (84.53%), hukou in foreign provinces (85.12%), or rural areas (83.19%), with junior high school education (55.37%), personal monthly income between RMB3,000 (US$417.54) and RMB4,999 (US$695.76; 64.71%), and were workers (80.67%). The random forest model (RF) outperformed all other models in assessing risky sexual behavior in the past 6 months and provided acceptable performance (accuracy 78%; sensitivity 11%; specificity 98%; PPV 63%; ROC 84%).DiscussionMachine learning has aided in evaluating risky sexual behavior within the last six months. Our assessment models can be integrated into government or public health departments to guide sexual health promotion and follow-up services

The Genes Coding for the Conversion of Carbazole to Catechol Are Flanked by IS6100 Elements in Sphingomonas sp. Strain XLDN2-5

BACKGROUND: Carbazole is a recalcitrant compound with a dioxin-like structure and possesses mutagenic and toxic activities. Bacteria respond to a xenobiotic by recruiting exogenous genes to establish a pathway to degrade the xenobiotic, which is necessary for their adaptation and survival. Usually, this process is mediated by mobile genetic elements such as plasmids, transposons, and insertion sequences. FINDINGS: The genes encoding the enzymes responsible for the degradation of carbazole to catechol via anthranilate were cloned, sequenced, and characterized from a carbazole-degrading Sphingomonas sp. strain XLDN2-5. The car gene cluster (carRAaBaBbCAc) and fdr gene were accompanied on both sides by two copies of IS6100 elements, and organized as IS6100::ISSsp1-ORF1-carRAaBaBbCAc-ORF8-IS6100-fdr-IS6100. Carbazole was converted by carbazole 1,9a-dioxygenase (CARDO, CarAaAcFdr), meta-cleavage enzyme (CarBaBb), and hydrolase (CarC) to anthranilate and 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate. The fdr gene encoded a novel ferredoxin reductase whose absence resulted in lower transformation activity of carbazole by CarAa and CarAc. The ant gene cluster (antRAcAdAbAa) which was involved in the conversion of anthranilate to catechol was also sandwiched between two IS6100 elements as IS6100-antRAcAdAbAa-IS6100. Anthranilate 1,2-dioxygenase (ANTDO) was composed of a reductase (AntAa), a ferredoxin (AntAb), and a two-subunit terminal oxygenase (AntAcAd). Reverse transcription-PCR results suggested that carAaBaBbCAc gene cluster, fdr, and antRAcAdAbAa gene cluster were induced when strain XLDN2-5 was exposed to carbazole. Expression of both CARDO and ANTDO in Escherichia coli required the presence of the natural reductases for full enzymatic activity. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We predict that IS6100 might play an important role in the establishment of carbazole-degrading pathway, which endows the host to adapt to novel compounds in the environment. The organization of the car and ant genes in strain XLDN2-5 was unique, which showed strong evolutionary trail of gene recruitment mediated by IS6100 and presented a remarkable example of rearrangements and pathway establishments

PoseBuddy: workout platform with MoveNet

The sedentary lifestyle of modern people is becoming more and more common, and a lack of physical activity is a risk factor for many diseases. Therefore, this project introduces a mobile application that works on iOS and Android, PoseBuddy, through computer vision, provides interactive experiences, and competition through connections with others. It allows users to exercise anytime and anywhere with fragmented time without the limitation of venues. PoseBuddy forms an interactive mode that obtains users' pose data through the mobile device's front camera, inputting to a high-accuracy human pose estimation model provided by TensorFlow, MoveNet. Afterwards, it offers real-time audio feedback during the exercise after being verified by the accuracy validation algorithm. The real-time inputs from the camera feed can be captured and processed asynchronously by the system, allowing users to know in real time if they are carrying out the workout correctly. PoseBuddy is a sports platform enabling users to post their experiences after exercising and making friends.Bachelor of Engineering (Computer Science

DPP-4 inhibitors may improve the mortality of coronavirus disease 2019: A meta-analysis.

AimsDPP-4 inhibitors are predicted to exert a protective effect on the progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted this meta-analysis to investigate this hypothesis.MethodsFour databases, namely, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library, were used to identify studies on DPP-4 and COVID-19. The outcome indicators were the mortality of COVID-19. Funnel plots, Begg's tests and Egger's tests were used to assess publication bias.ResultsFour articles were included with a total of 1933 patients with COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes. The use of DPP-4 inhibitors was negatively associated with the risk of mortality (odds ratio (OR) = 0.58 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34-0.99).ConclusionsDPP-4 inhibitors may improve the mortality of patients with COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes. As few relevant studies are available, more large-scale studies need to be performed

An Optical POCT Device for Colorimetric Detection of Urine Test Strips Based on Raspberry Pi Imaging

Urine examinations are widely applied in hospitals using urine test strip analyzers or other sophisticated professional instruments. However, such methods are inconvenient health monitoring of patients at home. Herein, we construct an optical device for point-of-care testing (POCT) for urine analysis at home or on the spot. A black box and color calibration curve are established to eliminate the influence of ambient light with an independent internal lighting system included in the device. A Raspberry Pi with a CSI camera is programmed to automatically collect the strip images and identify the HSV values of the image with an image processing algorithm. During this process, these corrected colors are converted to concentration values by preloaded standard curves. Under optimal conditions, the proposed POCT device can quantitatively and automatically detect glucose within 1 min, with linear detection ranging from 2 mM to 60 mM and a detection limit of 1.16 mM. In addition, the device demonstrates satisfactory accuracy and quantitative analysis of ketone bodies, glucose, protein, occult blood, pH, and leukocytes in human urine samples with high-resolution concentrations, achieving results similar to those obtained with hospital instruments. The proposed device is portable and user-friendly, providing convenient colorimetric analysis for urine. Furthermore, the proposed device also has considerable potential for the development of in vitro diagnosis methods through combination with other test strips

The relationship between daytime napping and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Daytime napping, a habit widely adopted globally, has an unclear association with obesity. In this study, we executed a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between daytime napping and obesity. We conducted a comprehensive search of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases for pertinent articles published up to April 2023. Random-effects models were utilized to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and we assessed the heterogeneity of the included studies using the I 2 statistic. To explore potential sources of heterogeneity, subgroup analyses were performed. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS), and funnel plots were employed to detect any publication bias. Sensitivity analyses were conducted by sequentially omitting each study. We conducted a meta-analysis of twelve studies that included one each from the UK and Spain, five from the USA, and five from China, totalling 170,134 participants, to probe the association between napping and obesity. The pooled analysis suggested a higher risk of obesity in individuals who nap (OR: 1.22 [1.10–1.35], p < 0.001, I 2 = 87%) compared to non-nappers. The meta-analysis results revealed variations in the summary ORs for studies conducted in China, Spain, the USA, and the UK. The ORs for China, Spain, the USA, and the UK were 1.05 (95% CI 0.90–1.23), 9.36 (95% CI 4.74–18.45), 1.27 (95% CI 1.10–1.47), and 1.39 (95% CI 1.32–1.47), respectively. A subgroup analysis based on age within the American population disclosed that napping in both adults and children heightened obesity incidence. A subgroup analysis based on nap duration found a significant rise in obesity occurrence when nap duration exceeded one hour, but no clear relationship emerged when nap duration was less than 1 h. In a subgroup analysis based on the definition of obesity, napping did not demonstrate a significant relationship with obesity when diagnostic criteria set obesity at a BMI of 25 or above. However, when the criteria were set at a BMI of 28 or 30 or more, napping significantly increased obesity risk. Our meta-analysis indicates a positive association between daytime napping and the risk of obesity. However, given the limited number of included studies, potential confounding factors might not have been fully addressed. Future well-designed prospective studies are required to further investigate this relationship. Large-scale studies are necessary to confirm our findings and elucidate the underlying mechanisms that drive these associations and causation

“Cultural and Creative IP” Empowerment Model for Red Culture under the New Media Environment

Boasting exemplary national qualities and high educational value, Red Culture is a unique spiritual wealth that make the Chinese nation stand out from the rest nations. Under the new media environment, however, the collision between the disparate characteristics of Red Culture and new media has given rise to the predicament plaguing the communication of Red Culture. With the advent of the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, both tangible and intangible cultural heritage and resources are being valued, tapped and cultivated across the country. With the cultural and creative industry in the ascendant, the concept of intellectual property (“IP”) has seeped into all aspects of our everyday lives. Against that backdrop, this study attempts to explore novel ways to link up the Red Culture resources scattered across China, to combine education with cultural tourism through the “4+5+2” cultural and creative IP empowerment model, and to pass on and spread Red Culture and add new value to the industry on the strength of influential IPs