Unbuttoned: : The interaction between provocativeness of female work attire and occupational status

This document is the Accepted Manuscript. The final publication is available at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-015-0450-8.Gender-biased standards in United Kingdom (UK) workplaces continue to exist. Women experience gender discrimination in judgements of competence, even by other women. Clothing cues can subtly influence professional perceptions of women. The aim of this study was to investigate how minor manipulations to female office clothing affect the judgements of competence of them by other UK females and to examine whether such effects differ with occupational status. One group of female university students (n = 54) and one group of employed females (n = 90), all from London and the East of England, rated images of faceless female targets, on a global competence measure derived from six competence ratings (of intelligence, confidence, trustworthiness, responsibility, authority, and organisation). The dress style was conservative but varied slightly by skirt length and the number of buttons unfastened on a blouse. The female targets were ascribed different occupational roles, varying by status (high – senior manager, or low - receptionist). Participants viewed the images for a maximum of 5 s before rating them. Overall participants rated the senior manager less favourably when her clothing was more provocative, but more favourably when dressed more conservatively (longer skirt, buttoned up blouse). This interaction between clothing and status was not present for the receptionist. Employed participants also rated females lower than did student participants. We conclude that even subtle changes to clothing style can contribute towards negative impressions of the competence of women who hold higher status positions in a UK cultural contextPeer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Pushing the Boundaries of Education: The Implications of a Youth Development Approach to Education Policies, Structures and Collabnrations

In recent years there have been an extraordinary number of proposals for comprehensive and intensive changes in school structure, finance, and administration, one indication that this is a time of unprecedent change for schools. One of the forces driving this intense focus on school change is the growing national concern about youth issues and problems. This paper notes the myriad of add-on programs that compete for space in the school day and takes the position that, rather than being seen as merely additive,education and services should be viewed as interactive, and essential to the formation of new effective strategies for educational success.The paper contends that if the additive view remains the sole model of school-community collaboration, it will be detrimental to school reform. Rather, there must be collaboration to broaden the knowledge base and schools must seek partners to build a broader vision of what education should be and can accomplish. The paper examines what needs to change, arguing that what is needed is a shift to thinking that supporting youth development is the most effective strategy for the prevention of youth problems and the achievement of educational goals. It proposes a definition of youth development, considers expanding definitions of positive youth outcomes, and focuses on two components of youth development--competencies and needs--and their interrelationship. The document concludes that the broader goals and strategies of youth development must become central to the educational mission

Is alcohol a factor in unsafe sex among women seeking emergency contraception? A Two-part Study

This study has as its research focus the relationship between unsafe sex and alcohol consumption. Alcohol has been recognised as a contributing factor in unsafe sexual practices. Although research has been undertaken in Ireland on this link, it is far from unequivocal as to either the degree to which or even how the two are related. The same is also discernible across the international literature

Knowledge, present utilization and potential for expansion of the optometric role in sports vision

The goal of this project included assessing the level of knowledge of athletic teams about optometry, discovering the usefulness of exsisting sports vision systems, and determining the interest of teams and optometrists in the subject of expanding sports vision programs. Professional and college baseball, basketball, and football teams were queried by means of a survey. To guage optometric opinion, separate inquiries were mailed to practitioners throughout the country. Results indicated that there is an unmet need for vision care (i.e. screening, contact lenses, and visual training) f or the athletes. Optometrisits demonstrated an overwhelming interest in prescribing for the athlete in private practice as well as in a consultation role to sports teams

Comparison of body mass index and waist circumference as predictors of cardiometabolic health in a population of young Canadian adults

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This study aimed to investigate whether waist circumference (WC) or body mass index (BMI) is a better predictor of blood lipid concentrations among young men and women from different ethnocultural groups.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Participants were 1181 healthy men (n = 358) and women (n = 823) aged 20-29 years taken from the cross-sectional Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study. Analyses were conducted separately for men and women, and for Caucasian and East Asian ethnocultural groups. Serum triglycerides (TG) and total to HDL cholesterol ratio (TC:HDL cholesterol) were used as outcomes. Associations between the adiposity and blood lipid measures were examined using partial correlations and odds ratios derived from logistic regression models.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>WC had a stronger association with serum lipid concentrations than BMI. WC was significantly related to TG and TC:HDL cholesterol after adjusting for BMI and covariates among men and women (P ≤ 0.01). However, after adjusting for WC and covariates, BMI was not significantly associated with the two serum lipid measures. WC was a better predictor of TG and TC:HDL among all sex and ethnocultural subgroups except among East Asian women where little difference between the two measures was observed.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>WC is a stronger predictor of cardiometabolic health when compared with BMI among young adults, especially among men.</p

Nurse Researchers in Children\u27s Hospitals

Little is known about the role of nurse researchers (NRs) and the structure of nursing research programs in children\u27s hospitals in the United States. This descriptive study obtained survey data from 33 NRs. Data suggest that the NR role is emerging and has both commonalities and unique components when compared with the previous studies of NRs in adult hospitals. Most participants have been in their position for less than 4 years. Conducting research, having staff development related to research, and facilitating evidence-based practice or research were common responsibilities. The structure of nursing research programs impacts both the NRs and the program outcomes