Analysis of a Stator-Rotor-Stator Spinning Disk Reactor in Single-Phase and Two-Phase Boiling Conditions Using a Thermo-Fluid Flow Network and CFD

Cryogenic liquid propellants are used in liquid rocket engines to obtain high specific impulse. The flow rates are controlled by turbopumps that deliver liquid propellant to the engine at high pressure levels. Due to the very low saturation temperature of the cryogenic propellant, in the first phases of the transient operation, in which the engine is at ambient temperature, its surfaces are subject to boiling conditions. The effect of boiling on the heat transfer between the solid and the fluid needs to be well characterized in order to correctly predict the cryopump metal temperature temporal evolution and the necessary amount of propellant. With the aim of benchmarking numerical tools against experimental data, a representative test case was chosen. This consists of a stator-rotorstator spinning disc reactor studied under single-phase and two-phase heat transfer conditions. The numerical approaches used are represented by a 1D network solver, where the pressure drop and heat transfer are calculated by correlations, and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations, carried out with ANSYS Fluent. Both the numerical tools returned a reasonable agreement in single-phase conditions, also thanks to the use of adequate correlations in the flow network solver and typical conditions for the CFD simulations. Two-phase conditions on the contrary are more challenging, with underpredictions up to 20% and 80%, respectively. The issues are ascribable to the use of correlations that are inadequate to capture the two-phase phenomena occurring in the srs reactor and numerical limitations in the actual implementation of the boiling model in the CFD solver

Sidechain Diversification of Grandifloracin Allows Identification of Analogues with Enhanced Anti-Austerity Activity against Human PANC-1 Pancreatic Cancer Cells

© 2019 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. The natural product (+)-grandifloracin is a potent “anti-austerity” agent, able to suppress the ability of various pancreatic cancer cell lines to tolerate conditions of nutrient deprivation. Such anti-austerity agents represent a promising approach to cancer chemotherapy. Here we report the synthesis and biological evaluation of racemic analogues of grandifloracin bearing diverse sidechains, of which two show enhanced potency in comparison with the natural product. Additionally, several unexpected by-products containing modifications of the grandifloracin core were isolated, identified and similarly evaluated for biological activity.We thank EPSRC (DTP studentship to B.E.A.) and Cancer Research at Bath (CR@B) for funding. The biological investigation was supported by a grant from the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS Kakenhi #16 K08319) and the Kobayashi International Scholarship Foundation to S.A.Published versio

Potential Use of Bio-Oleogel as Phase Change Material

Two bio-oleogels were investigated. These materials were produced with a combination of canola and soybean oil with 4, 6, 8, and 10% of beeswax (by weight). Sensible heat storage capacity, melting parameters, and enthalpies were investigated by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test. An ordinary DSC dynamic test was performed. Cycles of heating and cooling were performed, as well as tests with different heating rates. According to the results, the materials present a melting temperature between −16 to −12 °C and a total latent heat between 22.9 and 367.6 J/g. BC10 (canola oil with 10% beeswax) was the sample with the best performance, with a latent heat of 367.6 J/g and a melting temperature of −13.6 °C, demonstrating its possible use as a phase change material for cold storage