Management: thesis, antithesis, synthesis

Increasingly, managers live in a world of paradox. For instance, they are told that they must manage by surrendering control and that they must stay on top by continuing to learn, thus admitting that they do not fully know what they do. Paradox is becoming increasingly pervasive in and around organizations, increasing the need for an approach to management that allows both researchers and practitioners to address these paradoxes. A synthesis is required between such contradictory forces as efficiency and effectiveness, planning and action, and structure and freedom. A dialectical view of strategy and organizations, built from four identifiable principles of simultaneity, locality, minimality and generality, enables us to build the tools to achieve such synthesis. Put together, these principles offer new perspectives for researchers to look at management phenomena and provide practitioners with a means of addressing the increasingly paradoxical world that they confront.dialectics, improvisation, paradox, synthesis

STRUCTURING FOR GLOCALIZATION: THE MINIMAL NETWORK

Globalization and localization seem to be opposite concepts – a thesis and its antithesis. Nonetheless, managers seem to be able to handle the paradox posed by these two contradicting tensions by enacting, via action, a synthesis that allows for the co-presence of a high level of global integration and local adaptation (instead of a compromise between both), which has been labeled glocalization. We discuss how the concept of improvisation allows this synthesis by developing the two poles that ground it, namely ‘glocal’ strategy and ‘glocal’ organization. Global advantage requires a dialectical capability that organizations rarely achieve, and the importance of which orthodox management theory rarely recognizes. JEL codes:

A semiquantitative approach to the impurity-band-related transport properties of GaMnAs nanolayers

We investigate the spin-polarized transport of GaMnAs nanolayers in which a ferromagnetic order exists below a certain transition temperature. Our calculation for the self-averaged resistivity takes into account the existence of an impurity band determining the extended ("metallic" transport) or localized (hopping by thermal excitation) nature of the states at and near the Fermi level. Magnetic order and resistivity are inter-related due to the influence of the spin polarization of the impurity band and the effect of the Zeeman splitting on the mobility edge. We obtain, for a given range of Mn concentration and carrier density, a "metallic" behavior in which the transport by extended carriers dominates at low temperature, and is dominated by the thermally excited localized carriers near and above the transition temperature. This gives rise to a conspicuous hump of the resistivity which has been experimentally observed and brings light onto the relationship between transport and magnetic properties of this material

Generalised verification of the observer property in discrete event systems

The observer property is an important condition to be satisfied by abstractions of Discrete Event Systems (DES) models. This paper presents a generalised version of a previous algorithm which tests if an abstraction of a DES obtained through natural projection has the observer property. The procedure called OP-verifier II overcomes the limitations of the previously proposed verifier while keeping its computational complexity. Results are illustrated by a case study of a transfer line system

Generalised verification of the observer property in discrete event systems

The observer property is an important condition to be satisfied by abstractions of Discrete Event Systems (DES) models. This paper presents a generalised version of a previous algorithm which tests if an abstraction of a DES obtained through natural projection has the observer property. The procedure called OP-verifier II overcomes the limitations of the previously proposed verifier while keeping its computational complexity. Results are illustrated by a case study of a transfer line system

Spin-polarized transport in ferromagnetic multilayered semiconductor nanostructures

The occurrence of inhomogeneous spin-density distribution in multilayered ferromagnetic diluted magnetic semiconductor nanostructures leads to strong dependence of the spin-polarized transport properties on these systems. The spin-dependent mobility, conductivity and resistivity in (Ga,Mn)As/GaAs,(Ga,Mn)N/GaN, and (Si,Mn)/Si multilayers are calculated as a function of temperature, scaled by the average magnetization of the diluted magnetic semiconductor layers. An increase of the resistivity near the transition temperature is obtained. We observed that the spin-polarized transport properties changes strongly among the three materials.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figure

Estudos de Solos do Município de Aceguá, RS

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Estudo comparativo dos testes de termo-resistência rápido, lento e fisiológico em sêmen criopreservado bovino importado.

As avaliações de termo-resistência (TTR) ganharam aceitação por se aproximarem das condições de permanencia do sêmen no trato genital das fêmeas em cio. Porém, muitas variáveis tornam o TTR uma avaliação muito subjetiva. Neste sentido, este estudo foi realizado para comparar a eficiência de três metodologias de TTR. Foram usados 24 touros de 3 centrais de inseminação. Foram comparados o TTR lento (38°C/5h), o TTR fisiológico (36°C/3h) e o TTR rápido (46°C/30 min). As avaliações de motilidade e vigor foram realizadas de modo subjetivo em microscópio de contraste de fase. O TTR lento apresentou resultado médio de motilidade de 29,70 ± 22,95%. Esse resultado foi inferior ao TTR rápido, que apresentou motilidade de 46,45 ± 16,45%, e ao TTR fisiológico que apresentou motilidade de 50,93 ± 14,27%. Esses resultados indicam que o TTR lento compromete os resultados de motilidade e vigor. O TTR deve ser considerado uma avaliação complementar para servir de parâmetro na fiscalização da qualidade do sêmen e deve ser realizado em associação com outros testes de avaliação espermática para predizer a fertilidade de uma amostra de sêmen criopreservado

Competitividade dos principais produtos agropecuários do Brasil - vantagem comparativa revelada normalizada.

Este trabalho visa analisar a competitividade dos principais produtos agropecuários brasileiros por meio de um índice alternativo, o índice de vantagem comparativa revelada normalizado (VCRN), no período entre 1996 e 2007