五份新見藏文注音西夏文殘片校釋

夏藏對音殘片是研究西夏語音的重要材料,目前能確認的殘片有25份,其中20份殘片的內容此前已見整理刊布。本文整理最后5份新見的藏文注音西夏文殘片內容,其中有2份來自俄藏黑水城文獻,另外3份屬大英圖書館收藏。至此,所有能確認的藏文注音西夏文殘片均已作全文刊布。 Tangut fragments with Tibetan transcription are important materials for the study of Tangut pho-nology. Currently it is known to have 25 fragments of this kind, in which20 of them have been collated. Thispaper provides the collated edition of 5 newly seen Tangut fragments with Tibetan transcription, among them2 fragments come from the Russian collection, and the rest 3 fragments are now preserved in the British Li-brary. The collation of all identified Tangut fragments with Tibetan transcription is thus completed

方塊壯字在當代壯族社會的應用--以廣西德保縣、靖西縣為考察對象

論文報告 (Paper Presentation)壯族是中國人口最多的少數民族，主要聚居在廣西、雲南和廣東。壯族傳統上使用 一種以漢字為基礎的文字，民間稱為「生字」（拉丁壯文：Sawndip），學界則稱之 為「方塊壯字」或「古壯字」。雖然中國政府在 1955 年頒佈了拉丁壯文方案，但民 間一直有繼續使用方塊壯字。本文以壯族人口比較最高的廣西德保縣、靖西縣為對 象，從 2003 年至今定期到當地進行調查，考察方塊壯字在當代壯族社會的應用範 圍。本文指出方塊壯字的主要用來記錄詩歌、壯劇、宗教儀式唱詞、諺語、電影壯 語配音稿等，這些範圍都與壯語口頭文化有非常密切的關係。相反，凡是與口語關 係不直接的讀寫活動，當地人民幾乎都只會以漢字漢文記錄，方塊壯字與漢字之間 的功能分工非常清楚。published_or_final_versio

Using 'Reading to Learn, Learning to Write' pedagogy to teach discussion genre to second language Chinese learners in Hong Kong

The Congress program's website is located at http://sti.sysu.edu.cn/en/ISFC40/ProgramSession - Parallel 2Congress Theme: Broadening the Path: Complementarities in Language and LinguisticsThis paper aims at exploring the effectiveness of ‘Reading to Learn, Learning to Write’ pedagogy to teach discussion genre to second language Chinese learner in Hong Kong. After the re-union to China in 1997, for the ethnic minority students who live in Hong Kong for …postprin

An analysis of writing skills of non-Chinese speaking students in Hong Kong: taking students' pretest and posttest narrative performance in Student Support Programme as an example

記敍文是香港非華語學生學習中文的基礎文類。本研究以60位分別接受主流中文課程和調適中文課程的非華語學生為對象，選取他們參加香港大學「學生支援計劃」的記敍文前測和後測共120 篇文章，以系統功能語言學為理論框架，分析學生在通篇層次、句子層次和字詞層次的表現，藉此比較兩組非華語學生中文書寫能力的差異，並探究「學生支援計劃」提昇非華語學生中文水平的成效。postprin

《俗話傾談》反映的19世紀中粤方言特徵

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Differential contribution of psycholinguistic and cognitive skills to written composition in Chinese as a second language

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Springer via the DOI in this record.This study examined the contribution of the constructs of orthographic processing (orthographic choice and orthographic choice in context), syntactic processing (grammaticality and sentence integrity), and verbal working memory (two reading span indicators) to written Chinese composition (narration, explanation, and argumentation) in 129 fifteen-year-old L2 learners. A matrix task was also administered as a control task to tap cognitive flexibility. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis with written composition as a latent variable revealed orthographic processing and working memory as two significant, independent contributors, whereas the unique contribution of syntactic processing was not significant. Subsequent SEM analysis with narration, explanation, and argumentation as separate endogenous variables found varied patterns of the contribution of each latent predictor to written composition in different genres. These patterns are discussed in light of the importance of attention to learners’ developmental stage and genre-sensitive measures to capture the psycholinguistic and cognitive underpinnings of written composition in L2 Chinese

SOXE neofunctionalization and elaboration of the neural crest during chordate evolution

During chordate evolution, two genome-wide duplications facilitated acquisition of vertebrate traits, including emergence of neural crest cells (NCCs), in which neofunctionalization of the duplicated genes are thought to have facilitated development of craniofacial structures and the peripheral nervous system. How these duplicated genes evolve and acquire the ability to specify NC and their derivatives are largely unknown. Vertebrate SoxE paralogues, most notably Sox9/10, are essential for NC induction, delamination and lineage specification. In contrast, the basal chordate, amphioxus, has a single SoxE gene and lacks NC-like cells. Here, we test the hypothesis that duplication and divergence of an ancestral SoxE gene may have facilitated elaboration of NC lineages. By using an in vivo expression assay to compare effects of AmphiSoxE and vertebrate Sox9 on NC development, we demonstrate that all SOXE proteins possess similar DNA binding and homodimerization properties and can induce NCCs. However, AmphiSOXE is less efficient than SOX9 in transactivation activity and in the ability to preferentially promote glial over neuronal fate, a difference that lies within the combined properties of amino terminal and transactivation domains. We propose that acquisition of AmphiSoxE expression in the neural plate border led to NCC emergence while duplication and divergence produced advantageous mutations in vertebrate homologues, promoting elaboration of NC traits.published_or_final_versio

Serum lipid and apolipoprotein distributions in Hong Kong Chinese

STUDY OBJECTIVE--The aim was to describe the distribution of lipids and apolipoproteins in the Chinese population in Hong Kong. DESIGN--This was a prospective, cross sectional, population based survey. SETTINGS--The study was conducted in a single, self referred, out patient screening centre. PARTICIPANTS--Altogether 825 Chinese adults aged > or = 20 years were screened. One hundred subjects who had previously had lipid measurement and 29 who were taking lipid modifying drugs were excluded but 289 men and 407 women remained for further analysis. MAIN RESULTS--Age standardised mean (SEM) lipids concentrations for Hong Kong Chinese were total cholesterol: men, 5.48 (0.05) mmol/l and women, 5.46 (0.06) mmol/l; triglycerides: men, 1.22 (1.03) mmol/l and women, 1.00 (1.03) mmol/l; high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol: men, 1.25 (0.02) mmol/l and women, 1.42 (0.02) mmol/l; low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol: men, 3.56 (0.05) mmol/l and women, 3.50 (0.06) mmol/l; apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I): men, 1.34 (0.01) g/l and women, 1.46 (0.01) g/l; and apolipoprotein B (apo B): men, 1.15 (0.02) g/l and women, 1.06 (0.02) g/l. The total to HDL cholesterol ratios were men, 4.62 (0.07) and women, 4.10 (0.08); and apo B to apo A-I ratios (apo B/A) were men, 0.88 (0.02) and women, 0.75 (0.02). While levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apo B, triglycerides, total/HDL cholesterol, and apo B/A were positively associated with age in both sexes and were higher in men before the age 50-59 years, they rose steeply thereafter in women to cross over the levels in men. In contrast, HDL cholesterol decreased with age while apo A-I remained constant, and both were consistently higher in women than in men in all age groups. CONCLUSIONS--Hong Kong Chinese have attained lipid profiles similar to those in other developed western populations. Environmental factors seem influential in this regard. Faced with the increasing coronary mortality of recent years, there should be a major effort to reduce the cholesterol concentrations in this population.published_or_final_versio

Doctors' personal health care choices: A cross-sectional survey in a mixed public/private setting

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Among Western countries, it has been found that physicians tend to manage their own illnesses and tend not have their own independent family physicians. This is recognized as a significant issue for both physicians and, by extension, the patients under their care, resulting in initiatives seeking to address this. Physicians' personal health care practices in Asia have yet to be documented.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>An anonymous cross-sectional postal questionnaire survey was conducted in Hong Kong, China. All 9570 medical practitioners in Hong Kong registered with the Hong Kong Medical Council in 2003 were surveyed. Chi-square tests and logistic regression models were applied.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There were 4198 respondents to the survey; a response rate of 44%. Two-thirds of respondents took care of themselves when they were last ill, with 62% of these self-medicating with prescription medication. Physicians who were graduates of Hong Kong medical schools, those working in general practice and non-members of the Hong Kong College of Family Physicians were more likely to do so. Physician specialty was found to be the most influential reason in the choice of caregiver by those who had ever consulted another medical practitioner. Only 14% chose consultation with a FM/GP with younger physians and non-Hong Kong medical graduates having a higher likelihood of doing so. Seventy percent of all respondents believed that having their own personal physician was unnecessary.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Similar to the practice of colleagues in other countries, a large proportion of Hong Kong physicians self-manage their illnesses, take self-obtained prescription drugs and believe they do not need a personal physician. Future strategies to benefit the medical care of Hong Kong physicians will have to take these practices and beliefs into consideration.</p