Floor transfer test for assessing people with chronic stroke

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Case Report - Bilateral pleural effusions following central venous cannulation

We describe a patient who developed bilateral pleural effusions as a delayed complication following central venous catheter insertion. Respiratory distress should not only raise the clinical suspicion of a pneumothorax but also of erosion and perforation of the central vein. The mechanism, diagnosis, management and prevention of this complication are discussed

Case Report - Bilateral pleural effusions following central venous cannulation

We describe a patient who developed bilateral pleural effusions as a delayed complication following central venous catheter insertion. Respiratory distress should not only raise the clinical suspicion of a pneumothorax but also of erosion and perforation of the central vein. The mechanism, diagnosis, management and prevention of this complication are discussed

Endoleaks Following Conventional Open Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair

AbstractObjective: to describe the complication of ««endoleak»» following conventional open abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. Design: prospective case study. Setting: two specialist vascular surgical centres. Patients and Methods: six patients who had successful conventional open AAA repair.Results: six patients presented with back or abdominal pain or hypotension between one and eighteen months later. An endoleak at the distal anastomosis was noted in five of the cases and one endoleak at the proximal anastomosis. All six cases were successfully repaired; two of these patients required Dacron graft replacement, whilst in four cases only direct resuturing was needed. There was no evidence of infection. Conclusions: an endoleak is not a phenomenon confined to stent grafts. It should be considered in all patients who present with back or abdominal pain within eighteen months of open AAA repair. The combination of computed tomography (CT) scan and digital subtraction angiography is most useful for preoperative diagnosis

Potential risk of cross-infection during peripheral-venous access by contamination of tourniquets

We found that a high proportion of reusable tourniquets are contaminated with blood and bacterial pathogens. Their use contravenes hospital cross-infection control protocols and we therefore recommend the use of disposable tourniquets

Decline in changing montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scores is associated withpost-stroke cognitive decline determined by a formal neuropsychological evaluation

© 2017 Tan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Objectives We aimed to examine changes in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores within a one-year period after stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) in associating cognitive decline determined by a formal neuropsychological test battery. Methods Patients with ischemic stroke/TIA received MoCA and MMSE at baseline within 14 days after stroke/TIA, at 3 lusmn;6 months and 1-year follow-ups. The scores of MoCA and MMSE were considered to have declined if there were a reduction of -2 points in the respective scores measured across two time points. The decline in neuropsychological diagnosis transitional status was defined by a category transition from no cognitive impairment or any cognitive impairment to a more severe cognitive impairment or dementia. Results 275 patients with a mean age of 59.8 lusmn; 11.6 years, and education of 7.7 lusmn; 4.3 years completed all the assessments at baseline, 3 lusmn;6 months and 1-year follow-ups. A decline in MoCA scores from 3 lusmn;6 months to 1 year was associated with higher risk of decline in diagnosis transitional status (odd ratio = 3.21, p = 0.004) in the same time period whereas there was no association with a decline in MMSE scores. Conclusions The decline in MoCA scores from 3 lusmn;6 months to 1 year after stroke/TIA has three times higher risk for decline in the diagnosis transitional status. The decline of MoCA scores (reduction > 2points) is associated with the decline in neuropsychological diagnosis transitional status