Effectiveness of probiotic feed ingredient on the growth performance of broiler

The use of antibiotics in human or veterinary therapy is followed by the appearance of bacteria resistance to these antibiotics. This is a serious problem because of the direct impact on therapeutic possibilities. This study aimed at evaluating the efficiency of a probiotic feed ingredient (Starter) on the growth performance of broiler (Hubbard) to allow a reduction of the use of antibiotics. The experimental design consists of four treatments with three replications: diets with 0%, 1.5%, 3% and 4.5% of the probiotic feed ingredient. Each replication consists of 18 broilers with an average live body weight of 43.04 ± 6.38 g. After seven (7) weeks of trial, chickens receiving the treatment .T1.5 had the best growth with an average weight of 984.22 ± 249.2 g, but with no significant difference (P> 0.05). In this treatment, their feed intake was the highest (51.38 g/bird/day) while the feed conversion rate turned out to be the lowest (6.67 g feed/g Live body weight). The highest value of carcass yield (76.1%) and sternum proportion (5.54%) were obtained in treatment T3. From the above results, we can state that the probiotic feed ingredient included at 1.5% and 3% improved growth performance of broilers. It could help to significantly improve the production performance of broilers if its probiotics properties are enhanced.Keywords: Broiler, feeding, tchoukoutou, kpètè-kpètè, carcass yield

Effectiveness of probiotic feed ingredient on the growth performance of broiler

The use of antibiotics in human or veterinary therapy is followed by the appearance of bacteria resistance to these antibiotics. This is a serious problem because of the direct impact on therapeutic possibilities. This study aimed at evaluating the efficiency of a probiotic feed ingredient (Starter) on the growth performance of broiler (Hubbard) to allow a reduction of the use of antibiotics. The experimental design consists of four treatments with three replications: diets with 0%, 1.5%, 3% and 4.5% of the probiotic feed ingredient. Each replication consists of 18 broilers with an average live body weight of 43.04 ± 6.38 g. After seven (7) weeks of trial, chickens receiving the treatment .T1.5 had the best growth with an average weight of 984.22 ± 249.2 g, but with no significant difference (P> 0.05). In this treatment, their feed intake was the highest (51.38 g/bird/day) while the feed conversion rate turned out to be the lowest (6.67 g feed/g Live body weight). The highest value of carcass yield (76.1%) and sternum proportion (5.54%) were obtained in treatment T3. From the above results, we can state that the probiotic feed ingredient included at 1.5% and 3% improved growth performance of broilers. It could help to significantly improve the production performance of broilers if its probiotics properties are enhanced.Keywords: Broiler, feeding, tchoukoutou, kpètè-kpètè, carcass yield

Influence des rations alimentaires a base d’asticots sur la reproduction des poulets locaux au Benin

La productivité des poules nourries avec des rations alimentaires à base de la farine d’asticots a été évaluée sur une durée de 10 semaines. Au total, 36 poulets locaux âgés de 26 semaines répartis suivant l’homogénéité de leurs poids corporel en six lots, à raison de cinq poules pour un coq par lotont été élevés dans une basse-cour. Un dispositif complètement randomisé avec deux traitements R8 et R12 composées respectivement de 8 % MS et 12 % MS de la farine d’asticots et trois répétitions par traitement a été utilisé. La croissance de deux lots de 15 poussins chacun, nourris avec la ration R8 a été mesurée pendant quatre semaines. Le nombre moyen d’oeufs pondu était 13,46 ± 2,06 (R8) et 11,08 ± 0,70 (R12) oeufs par poule, avec des taux d’éclosion estimés à 82,19 ± 3,38 % (R8) et 75,37 ± 4,26 % (R12) (p > 0,05). Les poussins issus des poules nourries avec R12 ont présenté le meilleur gain de poids (p < 0,05). Les deux rations impactent positivement la productivité des poules et la performance pondérale des poussins, montrant que les asticots peuvent valablement substituer la farine de poisson dans l’alimentation de la volaille au Bénin. Mots clés : Bénin, poulets locaux, farine d’asticots, poussins sevrés.   English Title:Influence of maggot-based diets on the reproduction of local chickens in Benin The productivity of hens fed diets based on maggots meal was evaluated over a period of 10 weeks. A total of 36 26-week-old local chickens, distributed according to the homogeneity of their body weight in six batches, at the rate of five hens for one rooster per batch, were reared in a farmyard. A completely randomized device with two treatments R8 and R12 composed respectively of 8% DM and 12% DM of maggot meal and three repetitions per treatment was used. The growth of two batches of 15 chicks each, fed with the R8 ration was measured for four weeks. The average number of eggs laid was 1346 ± 206 (R8) and 1108 ± 070 (R12) eggs per hen, with hatching rates estimated at 8219 ± 338% ( R8) and 7537 ± 426% (R12) (p> 005). Chicks from hens fed R12 showed the best weight gain (p <005). The two rations positively impact the productivity of the hens and the weight performance of the chicks, showing that maggots can validly replace fishmeal in the feeding of poultry in Benin. Keywords: Benin, local chickens, maggot meal, weaned chick

ELEVAGE DES POULETS TRADITIONNELS OU INDIGÈNES AU SÉNÉGAL ET EN AFRIQUE SUBSAHARIENNE : Etat des lieux et contraintes

Cette synthèse aborde les multiples rôles (sociaux, culturels, économiques, religieux, alimentaires et agricoles) de l’aviculture villageoise dans la lutte contre la pauvreté et l’insécurité alimentaire des populations africaines. Elle décrit les caractéristiques des différents systèmes existants (extensif et amélioré) et les pratiques d’alimentation observées dans ce sous-secteur avicole. Après avoir passé en revue les variétés phénotypiques existantes dans la population de poules locales africaines et les performances zootechniques des sujets exploités au Sénégal et dans diverses régions d’Afrique subsaharienne, elle met un accent particulier sur les différentes contraintes (précarité des d’habitats, fortes mortalités, maladies aviaires, prédateurs, irrégularité et déficit d’approvisionnement alimentaire, accès au crédit…) qui freinent le développement de l’aviculture traditionnelle au Sénégal et en Afrique subsaharienne

Growth performances, carcass and organs characteristics and economics results of growing indigenous senegal chickens fed diets containing various levels of leuceana leucocephala (Lam.) leaves meal (2011)

peer reviewedThe aim of this study carried out from September to December 2010 was to evaluate the effects of Leuceana leucocephala leaves meal inclusion in the diets on growth performances, carcass and organs characteristics and economics results of growing indigenous Senegal chickens. One hundred and four (104) indigenous Senegal chicks of 4 weeks old were randomly allocated into four groups of 26 chicks each with similar body weight. Each group subdivided in two repetitions of 13 birds, corresponded to each of the four (4) dietary treatments LL0, LL7, LL14 and LL21 containing respectively 0, 7, 14 and 21% of Leuceana leaves meal in substitution of groundnut cake meal. During the experiment (5-17th week old), zootechnical parameters of birds and economical data were recorded and analyzed per dietary treatment. At the end of the 13 weeks trial, the final Live Body Weights (LBW) were 864 g, 1166.48 g, 905 g and 887.16 g/bird, the Average Daily Weight Gain (ADWG) were 7.77 g, 10.88 g, 8.15 g and 8.10 g/day, the Daily Feed Intake (DFI) of 39.86 g, 51 g, 40.39 g and 44.75 g/bird and the Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) of 7.04, 5.54, 6.27 and 6.80 respectively for birds fed LL0, LL7, LL14 and LL21 diets. The Leuceana leaves meal inclusion in the diets up to 21% had not caused any adverse effect on LBW, ADWG, DFI, FCR, mortality, carcass and organs characteristics in birds compared to their controls. Apart from the dark yellowing of abdominal fat of carcasses from birds fed LL21 diet, significantly better growth performances, feed costs and economic margins were recorded in birds fed LL7 and LL14 diets. Thus, these two dietary treatments were the only most economically profitable (respectively 214 and 48 FCFA/kg carcass of additional profit) compared to the control

Effects of Moringa oleifera (Lam.) leaves meal incorporation in diets on growth performances, carcass characteristics and economics results of growing indigenous senegal chicken

peer reviewedThe purpose of this study carried out from July to October 2010 was to assess the effects of Moringa oleifera leaves meal inclusion in diets on growth performances, carcass and organs characteristics and economics results of growing indigenous Senegal chickens. Ninety six (96) indigenous Senegal chicks of 5 weeks old were randomly allocated into four groups of 24 chicks each with similar body weight. Each group subdivided in two repetitions of 12 birds, corresponded to each of the four (4) dietary treatments MO0, MO8, MO16 and MO24 containing respectively 0, 8, 16 and 24% of Moringa leaves meal in substitution of groundnut cake meal. During the experiment (6-17th week old), zootechnical parameters of birds and economical data were recorded and analyzed per dietary treatment. At the end of the 12 weeks trial, the final Live Body Weights (LBW) were 721.60 g, 911.70 g, 812.85 g and 720.05 g/bird, the average daily weight gain (ADWG) were 6.49 g, 8.77 g, 7.61 g and 6.50 g/day, the Daily Feed Intake (DFI) of 39.10 g, 39.76 g, 36.28 g and 34.24 g/bird and the Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) of 7.58, 5.75, 6.11 et 7.24 respectively for birds fed MO0, MO8, MO16 and MO24 diets. The Moringa leaves meal inclusion in the diets up to 24% had not caused any adverse impact on LBW, ADWG, FCR, mortality, carcass and organs characteristics in birds compared to their controls. Except the significantly decrease of DFI obtained in birds of MO16 and MO24 treatments, significantly better growth performances, feed costs and economic margins were recorded in birds fed MO8 and MO16 diets. Thus these two dietary treatments were the only most economically profitable (respectively 357 and 206 FCFA/kg carcass of additional profit) compared to the control