Diagnosis and treatment characteristics of radioactive optic neuropathy

AIM: To explore the diagnosis and treatment methods of radioaction-induced optic neuritis(RION)through the clinical dates of 17 patients. <p>METHODS: It was a retrospective case series study. From August 2008 to October 2013, 17 cases(24 eyes)of Rion clinical dates from Chinese PLA General Hospital were studied. The diagnosis methods including visual acuity, pupil, fundus, visual field, fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA), visual electrophysiological testing, and head MRI. To analysis the clinical date of patients with diagnosis of RION by statistical description.<p>RESULTS: The deterioration degree of vision: 13 eyes were classified as Ⅳ, 9 eyes as Ⅲ, 2 eyes as Ⅱ. Ten eyes RAPD(+), visual electrophysiology is extinguished. The retina of 5 eyes showed flame hemorrhages and cotton wool spots exudation. Optic nerve head edema in one eye. T1-weighted MRI enhanced in 19 eyes which showed optic nerve of the intracranial and intratubal segments abnormal changed, optic chiasm and pituitary stalk signal abnormalities and enhancement of the optic nerve. Tortuous optic nerves and rough edges were observed in 5 eyes. Treatment effect: 4 eyes of visual acuity improved, 1 eye from blindness to light perception,1 eye from 0.08 to 0.2, 1 eye from 0.4 to 0.6,1 eye from 0.04 to 0.15, the rest of the cases did not see any improvement.<p>CONCLUSION: The unique clinical manifestation of RION can provide objective basis for clinical diagnosis in time, but there have not been proven any effective treatments

Highly Efficient White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Controllable Excitons Behavior by a Mixed Interlayer between Fluorescence Blue and Phosphorescence Yellow-Emitting Layers

A highly efficient hybrid white organic light-emitting diode (HWOLED) has been demonstrated with a mixed interlayer between fluorescent blue and phosphorescent yellow-emitting layers. The device structure is simplified by using a controllable fluorescence-mixed interlayer-phosphorescence emission layer structure. The electroluminance (EL) performance can be modulated easily by adjusting the ratio of the hole-predominated material to the electron-predominated material in the interlayer. It is found that the HWOLED with a ratio of 3 : 2 exhibits a current efficiency of 34 cd/A and a power efficiency of 29 lm/W at 1000 cd/m2 with warm white Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE1931) coordinates of (0.4273, 0.4439). The improved efficiency and adaptive CIE coordinates are attributed to the controllable mixed interlayer with enhanced charge carrier transport, optimized excitons distribution, and improved harvestings of singlet and triplet excitons

The ADH1B Arg47His polymorphism in East Asian populations and expansion of rice domestication in history

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The emergence of agriculture about 10,000 years ago marks a dramatic change in human evolutionary history. The diet shift in agriculture societies might have a great impact on the genetic makeup of Neolithic human populations. The regionally restricted enrichment of the class I alcohol dehydrogenase sequence polymorphism (ADH1BArg47His) in southern China and the adjacent areas suggests Darwinian positive selection on this genetic locus during Neolithic time though the driving force is yet to be disclosed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We studied a total of 38 populations (2,275 individuals) including Han Chinese, Tibetan and other ethnic populations across China. The geographic distribution of the ADH1B*47His allele in these populations indicates a clear east-to-west cline, and it is dominant in south-eastern populations but rare in Tibetan populations. The molecular dating suggests that the emergence of the ADH1B*47His allele occurred about 10,000~7,000 years ago.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We present genetic evidence of selection on the ADH1BArg47His polymorphism caused by the emergence and expansion of rice domestication in East Asia. The geographic distribution of the ADH1B*47His allele in East Asia is consistent with the unearthed culture relic sites of rice domestication in China. The estimated origin time of ADH1B*47His allele in those populations coincides with the time of origin and expansion of Neolithic agriculture in southern China.</p

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials for nondoped organic light-emitting diodes with nearly 100% exciton harvest

Funding: This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52130304, 51821002, 52003185, and 52003186), the National Key Research & Development Program of China (Nos. 2020YFA0714601 and 2020YFA0714604), Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nano & Soft Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technology, and the 111 Project.High-performance nondoped organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are promising technologies for future commercial applications. Herein, we synthesized two new thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters that enable us, for the first time, to combine three effective approaches for enhancing the efficiency of nondoped OLEDs. First, the two emitters are designed to have high steric hindrances such that their emitting cores will be suitably isolated from those of their neighbors to minimize concentration quenching. On the other hand, each of the two emitters has two stable conformations in solid films. In their neat films, molecules with the minority conformation behave effectively as dopants in the matrix composing of the majority conformation. One hundred percent exciton harvesting is thus theoretically feasible in this unique architecture of "self-doped" neat films. Furthermore, both emitters have relatively high aspect ratios in terms of their molecular shapes. This leads to films with preferred molecular orientations enabling high populations of horizontal dipoles beneficial for optical out-coupling. With these three factors, OLEDs with nondoped emitting layers of the respective emitters both achieve nearly 100% exciton utilization and deliver over 30% external quantum efficiencies and ultralow efficiency roll-off at high brightness, which have not been observed in reported nondoped OLEDs.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

2-[3-((Z)-2-{4-[Bis(2-chloro­eth­yl)amino]­phen­yl}ethen­yl)-5,5-dimethyl­cyclo­hex-2-en-1-yl­idene]propane­dinitrile

The highly conjugated title compound, C23H25Cl2N3, is nearly planar (the mean deviation from the plane being 0.049 Å), except for the –C(CH3)2 group on the cyclo­hexene ring and the two CH2Cl groups. The cyclo­hexene ring has an envelope configuration. In the crystal, the packing is stabilized by C—H⋯Cl inter­actions and C—H⋯π inter­actions involving the benzene ring

Plasma indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in tuberculosis patients

Purpose: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a challenge of global TB control, with difficulty in early detection of drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DS-TB). We investigate the diagnostic significance of IDO as a potential biomarker to discriminate MDR patients among the TB patients. Patients and methods: Plasma indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) was measured by the ratio of kynurenine (Kyn) to tryptophan (Trp) concentrations, using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Chest computed tomography (CT) imaging signs from TB patients were collected and analyzed in 18 DS-TB patients, 16 MDR-TB patients, 6 lung cancer (LC) patients, and 11 healthy individuals. Lung imaging signs from TB patients were collected and analyzed. Results: We found that plasma IDO activity was significantly higher in the MDR-TB patients than in the DS-TB patients (p=0.012) and in the LC patients (p=0.003). We evaluated the diagnostic significance of plasma IDO activity in discriminating the MDR-TB group from the DS-TB group using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. With a cutoff level of 46.58 uM/mM, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for IDO activity were 87.50%, 72.22%, 73.68%, and 86.67%, respectively. Plasma IDO activity was higher in cavity cases than in non-cavity cases (p=0.042), proving a positive correlation between lung cavity number and cavity size (p \u3c 0.05, separately) among all the TB patients studied. Conclusion: Our findings confirmed that plasma IDO activity might have an auxiliary diagnosis value for early discrimination of MDR-TB patients from DS-TB patients. Among the TB patients with cavitary lung lesions, higher plasma IDO activity can indicate a higher risk of MDR-TB