2 research outputs found
Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activities of Aframomum melegueta (K. Schum) Seed Extracts on Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumoniae
The phytochemical screening and antibacterial effects of Aframomum
melegueta (K. Schum)on Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumoniae was
carried out. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of
alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, anthraquinones,
terpenoids, glycosides and phenols in the seed extract. The
susceptibility test showedzones of inhibition (ZOI) of S. typhi
(11.0mm) and K. pneumonia (13.0mm) with methanolic seed extract (MSE),
while the hot aqueous seed extract (HASE) recorded 3.0mmas ZOI for both
test organisms. The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 200mg/ml
and 100mg/ml were recorded against S. typhi and K. pneumoniae
respectively with MSE, while HASE indicated 400mg/ml and 200mg/ml MICs
against S. typhi and K. pneumoniae respectively. The Minimum
Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) obtained from MSE were 200 mg/ml and
25mg/ml for S. typhiand K. pneumoniae, while HASE had > 400mg/ml for
test microbes. The effectiveness of different concentrations of the
test plant extracts on the test organisms was significant (P<0.05).
Further trials involving other clinical isolates and botanicals at
different concentrations be conducted, to optimize theprocess
Assessment of Biodiesel Fuel Potentials of Seed Crude Oil Extracts of Balanites aegyptiaaca (L.) Del
Study on assessmentof biodiesel fuel potentials of seed crude oil
extracts of Balanites aegyptiaaca (L.) Del was carriedout. Standard
methods of the Association of Official and Analytical Chemist (AOAC)
were adopted to evaluate the proximate, physico-chemical properties and
fatty acid compositions of crude seed oil extracts of the test plant.
The proximate constituents of the crude seed oil extract gave crude
protein (22.09%), crude fat (56.75%), moisturecontent (1.35%), ash
(4.70%), crudefiber (12.75%) and carbohydrate (2.36%). The crude oil
physicochemical properties included saponification
value(216.439mgKOH/g), peroxide value(4.84meq/kg), acid
value(2.18mgKOH/g), iodine value(77.08g/100g), viscosity
value(150.3@30\ub0C) and cetane number(54.08), refractive index(1.487
@30\ub0C), relative density (0.949g/cm3) while calorific value was
39.03(MJ/kg). The fatty acids composition of crude kernel oil extract
of B. aegyptiaca indicated the presence of four (4) fatty acids, with
relative percentage abundance (RPA) in the order of 67.17%
(9,12-Octadecanoic acid (C19H3402)) > 16.22% (Pentadecanoic acid
(C17H3402)) > 11.8kg% (Heptacosanoic acid (C28H5602)) > 4.72%
(Oleic acid(C18H3402)). These properties conferred relative prospects
on the crude oil of the test plant as a suitable potential biodiesel
substrate and consequently, large scale aforestation efforts be
renewed, to guarantee ready availability of the raw materials