T-Type Multilevel Inverters: A Comparative Performance Analysis

T-type multilevel inverters are a potential alternative because of their increased efficiency and low conduction losses. T-Type topology is formed by adding a bidirectional switch to a conventional two-level inverter. There are a few T-Type MLIs formulated based on requirements and applications. This work provides a comparative analysis of three different T-Type five-level MLIs with a five-level cascaded H-Bridge converter. Four multi-carrier pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques, i.e., phase disposition (PD) PWM, phase opposition disposition (POD) PWM, alternate phase opposition disposition (APOD) PWM, and Hybrid PWM schemes are implemented to evaluate the performance of these MLIs. They are operated over a wide range of modulation indices, and the converter output voltage, total harmonic distortion (THD), and characteristics are observed. MATLAB\Simulink environment is used for this comparative performance analysis

Role of USG for Evaluation of Axillary Lymph Node Status in Carcinoma Breast

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer detected globally and leading cause of cancer related death in women. One of the other methods which can assess the status of the axillary lymph node is USG. Methods and Materials: This is a Hospital based Observational Study, Patients who are admitted in the Department of General surgery, PBMH, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar for Breast carcinoma during the period September 2018 to August 2020. A total of 70 patients will be selected after applying the following inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results It was observed that, the clinical presentation of patients with carcinoma breast in this series were breast lump, nipple discharge and nipple retraction. Most common presentation was breast lump. All cases presented with lump in the breast, 5(7.14%) cases presented with lump with nipple discharge and 6(8.57%) cases presented with lump with nipple retraction. Tumor size was less than or equal to 2 cm (T1) in 24 (34.29%) cases, tumor size greater than 2 cm but less than or equal to 5 cm were in 46 (65.71%) cases and tumor size more than 5cm were 0 (100%) cases.&nbsp