Infant milk formulas: effect of storage conditions on the stability of powdered products towards autoxidation

Thirty samples of powdered infant milk formulas containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been stored at four different temperatures (20, 28, 40 and 55 °C) and periodically monitored for their malondialdehyde (MDA) content up to one year. MDA levels ranged between 250 and 350 ng/kg in sealed samples with a maximum of 566 ng/kg in samples stored at 28 °C for three weeks after opening of their original packages, previously maintained for ten months at 20 °C. Sample stored at 40° and 55 °C were also submitted to CIE (Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage) colorimetric analysis, since color is the first sensorial property that consumers may evaluate. Overall, the results demonstrated a good stability of PUFA-enriched infant milk formulas in terms of MDA content. However, some care has to be paid when these products are not promptly consumed and stored for a long time after first opening

Influence of fat extraction methods on the peroxide value in infant formulas

Five methods for fat extraction from powdered milk infant formulas were tested for reproducibility and accuracy of the peroxide value determination. n-Hexane, n-hexane after mortar grinding in the presence of some water, n-hexane/methanol, dichloromethane/methanol/petroleum ether and n-hexane/isopropanol were used for the extraction. Among all the tested methods, n-hexane/isopropanol 3:1 mixture gave quantitative yields in fat extraction from reconstituted milk This method combined with the classic iodometric titration gave the best result in terms of reproducibility, detecting peroxide values down to 1.1 (n=5, RSD=10%) and 1.3 meq O-2/kg for 4 and 10 g of milk respectively. All these features, the rapidity, low cost, easiness, as well as the relatively low amount of sample employed for the analysis with no need of any special instrumentation, make it suitable as a routine method for the evaluation of the quality of such irreplaceable dietetic products as milk infant formulas are. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

STUDIES ON ANTICANDIDA AGENTS WITH A PYRROLE MOIETY - SYNTHESIS AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SOME [(1-ALKYL),(1-ARYL) AND (1-BENZYL)-5-ARYL-3-CARBOXAMIDO-2-METHYL]PYRROLE DERIVATIVES

The synthesis of some [(1-alkyl), (1-aryl) and (1-benzyl)-5-aryl-3-carboxamido-2-metyl]pyrrole derivatives is reported. Their activity against Candida strains has been assessed and the structure-activity relationships for these compounds are discussed

A 1,5-DIARYLPYRROLE DERIVATIVE

The structure of the 1,5-diarylpyrrole derivative, ethyl 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-pyrrolecarboxylate, C20H16Cl3NO2, has been determined. The orientation assumed by the phenyl rings corresponds to the deepest of the two minima obtained from ab initio calculations. All bond distances and angles are in the expected ranges

Model lipophilic formulation of retinil palmitate: influence of conservative agents on light-induced degradation

Vitamin A is widely employed in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. The all-trans (AT) isomer (100% of biological potency) is sensible to different factors, such as light, heat and formulation components, leading to its degradation or isomerization. The main objective of this work was to study, in model cosmetic lipophilic vehicles, the degradation of retinyl palmitate (RetP) to the less active cis-isomers in presence of widely used conservative agents (propyl gallate and Vitamin E). Two lipophilic phases were used (liquid paraffin and almond oil) because liquid paraffin, almost composed of satured hydrocarbons, is not degraded by light exposure, while almond oil, containing several double bonds, could interfere with light-induced degradative process of RetP. In the first phase, the more suitable analytical method was chosen between normal and reverse phase HPLC to follow the degradation of RetP. In the second phase, RetP light-induced degradation was studied to simulate storage condition effect on cosmetic products ageing. The results showed that: (a) the reverse phase HPLC technique, unable to separate the all-trans from the 13-cis and 9-cis isomers, derived by Vitamin A isomerization, leads to an incorrect quantitation of RetP; (b) the lipophilic vehicle influences the isomerization–degradation process; (c) the conservative agents do not protect from degradation. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved