12 research outputs found
Synergistic geometric and electronic effects for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide using gold–copper bimetallic nanoparticles
Highly efficient and selective electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide represents one of the biggest scientific challenges in artificial photosynthesis, where carbon dioxide and water are converted into chemical fuels from solar energy. However, our fundamental understanding of the reaction is still limited and we do not have the capability to design an outstanding catalyst with great activity and selectivity a priori. Here we assemble uniform gold-copper bimetallic nanoparticles with different compositions into ordered monolayers, which serve as a well-defined platform to understand their fundamental catalytic activity in carbon dioxide reduction. We find that two important factors related to intermediate binding, the electronic effect and the geometric effect, dictate the activity of gold-copper bimetallic nanoparticles. These nanoparticle monolayers also show great mass activities, outperforming conventional carbon dioxide reduction catalysts. The insights gained through this study may serve as a foundation for designing better carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction catalysts
Mass Spectrometry Study of CO2 Electroreduction at Membrane Electrode Assembly Incorporating Pt-Ru/C
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Be 7 solar neutrino measurement with KamLAND
© 2015 American Physical Society. We report a measurement of the neutrino-electron elastic scattering rate of 862 keV Be7 solar neutrinos based on a 165.4 kt d exposure of KamLAND. The observed rate is 582±94(kt d)-1, which corresponds to an 862-keV Be7 solar neutrino flux of (3.26±0.52)×109cm-2s-1, assuming a pure electron-flavor flux. Comparing this flux with the standard solar model prediction and further assuming three-flavor mixing, a νe survival probability of 0.66±0.15 is determined from the KamLAND data. Utilizing a global three-flavor oscillation analysis, we obtain a total Be7 solar neutrino flux of (5.82±1.02)×109cm-2s-1, which is consistent with the standard solar model predictions