3 research outputs found
Acute and Postexposure Effects of Ammonia Toxicity on Juvenile Barramundi ( Lates calcarifer [Bloch])
Lethal and sublethal effects of ammonia toxicity to juvenile barramundi (Lates calcarifer) were investigated under laboratory conditions following the OECD guidelines for testing of chemicals. Acute toxicity was tested in a static nonrenewal system at pH 9.0 and temperature around 29°C. The 24-, 48-, and 96-h LC50 values for barramundi were 3.89, 3.67, and 3.31 mg total ammonia N L−1 and 1.59, 1.47, and 1.3 mg nonionized ammonia N L−1, respectively. Estimated lethal concentrations indicated a relatively high sensitivity to acute ammonia toxicity for barramundi and equaled the 25th percentile most sensitive North American fish species with regard to the species mean acute value (USEPA 1999). A 3-week postexposure experiment on surviving individuals from the acute toxicity test, in clean water, indicated that exposure to acute concentrations up to 1.16 mg nonionized ammonia N L−1 did not have any significant effects on growth