A case of behavioural diversification in male floral function – the evolution of thigmonastic pollen presentation

The authors gratefully acknowledge funding provided by an Else-Neumann-Stipendium (http://www.fu-berlin.de/sites/promovieren/drs/nachwuchs/nachwuchs/nafoeg.html), Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst (DAAD) and botconsult GmbH at different stages of data acquisition. We thank Tobias Grass, Joana Bergmann and Franziska Weber (Freie Universität Berlin) for help with data collection in the field and in the greenhouse. Nicole Schmandt, Federico Luebert, Juliana Chacón and Dietmar Quant (Universität Bonn) provided help in the molecular laboratory and the edition of the molecular dataset. We furthermore thank Markus Ackermann (Koblenz) for providing photographs, Philipp Klein (Berlin) for editing the video and Katy Jones (Berlin) for helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Rafael Acuña has been supported by the ALECOSTA scholarship program. Coverage of the article processing charge by the German Research Foundation via the Open Access Publication Fund of the Freie Universität Berlin is gratefully acknowledged.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Behavior of Rising Droplets and Bubbles: Impact on the Physics of Deep-Sea Blowouts and Oil Fate

The rise behavior of oil droplets and natural gas bubbles is of major importance for understanding the physical behavior of dispersed oil in the aftermath of a deep-sea blowout. It is also indispensable for the development and adjustment of oil fate modeling tools that estimate the subsea distribution of oil masses. So far, to estimate the oil distribution throughout the water column and the expected surfacing times, a couple of well-known correlations for the calculation of the rise velocities of single particles with fluidic interfaces in stagnant media are available from process engineering applications. Besides the physical properties of live oil under environmental conditions, the size of the gas bubbles and oil droplets are the most crucial parameters that determine rise velocities

Special Issues in Epidermolysis Bullosa: Eyes, Hair, Nails, Teeth and Pregnancy

The integument is often overlooked when focusing on the clinical features of EB, but there are important clinical clues to the subtyping of EB which may be gleaned from these tissues, as well as special complications. One of the areas of the body that is not affected by EB is the placenta and amnion, yet there are still many questions related to pregnancy in EB which few books address, which are answered here