243 research outputs found
Sporting embodiment: sports studies and the (continuing) promise of phenomenology
Whilst in recent years sports studies have addressed the calls âto bring the body back inâ to theorisations of sport and physical activity, the âpromise of phenomenologyâ remains largely under-realised with regard to sporting embodiment. Relatively few accounts are grounded in the âfleshâ of the lived sporting body, and phenomenology offers a powerful framework for such analysis. A wide-ranging, multi-stranded, and interpretatively contested perspective, phenomenology in general has been taken up and utilised in very different ways within different disciplinary fields. The purpose of this article is to consider some selected phenomenological threads, key qualities of the phenomenological method, and the potential for existentialist phenomenology in particular to contribute fresh perspectives to the sociological study of embodiment in sport and exercise. It offers one way to convey the âessencesâ, corporeal immediacy and textured sensuosity of the lived sporting body. The use of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) is also critically addressed.
Key words: phenomenology; existentialist phenomenology; interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA); sporting embodiment; the lived-body; Merleau-Pont
Tick fauna of wild animals received and attended at the Santarém Zoological Park, western Parå State, Brazil
Obtencao de animais negativos para Circovirus suino 2 oriundos de granjas positivas: estrategia de manejo
Determinants of cognitive performance and decline in 20 diverse ethno-regional groups: A COSMIC collaboration cohort study
Background: With no effective treatments for cognitive decline or dementia, improving the evidence base for modifiable risk factors is a research priority. This study investigated associations between risk factors and late-life cognitive decline on a global scale, including comparisons between ethno-regional groups. Methods and findings: We harmonized longitudinal data from 20 population-based cohorts from 15 countries over 5 continents, including 48,522 individuals (58.4% women) aged 54â105 (mean = 72.7) years and without dementia at baseline. Studies had 2â15 years of follow-up. The risk factors investigated were age, sex, education, alcohol consumption, anxiety, apolipoprotein E Δ4 allele (APOE*4) status, atrial fibrillation, blood pressure and pulse pressure, body mass index, cardiovascular disease, depression, diabetes, self-rated health, high cholesterol, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, physical activity, smoking, and history of stroke. Associations with risk factors were determined for a global cognitive composite outcome (memory, language, processing speed, and executive functioning tests) and Mini-Mental State Examination score. Individual participant data meta-analyses of multivariable linear mixed model results pooled across cohorts revealed that for at least 1 cognitive outcome, age (B = â0.1, SE = 0.01), APOE*4 carriage (B = â0.31, SE = 0.11), depression (B = â0.11, SE = 0.06), diabetes (B = â0.23, SE = 0.10), current smoking (B = â0.20, SE = 0.08), and history of stroke (B = â0.22, SE = 0.09) were independently associated with poorer cognitive performance (p < 0.05 for all), and higher levels of education (B = 0.12, SE = 0.02) and vigorous physical activity (B = 0.17, SE = 0.06) were associated with better performance (p < 0.01 for both). Age (B = â0.07, SE = 0.01), APOE*4 carriage (B = â0.41, SE = 0.18), and diabetes (B = â0.18, SE = 0.10) were independently associated with faster cognitive decline (p < 0.05 for all). Different effects between Asian people and white people included stronger associations for Asian people between ever smoking and poorer cognition (group by risk factor interaction: B = â0.24, SE = 0.12), and between diabetes and cognitive decline (B = â0.66, SE = 0.27; p < 0.05 for both). Limitations of our study include a loss or distortion of risk factor data with harmonization, and not investigating factors at midlife. Conclusions: These results suggest that education, smoking, physical activity, diabetes, and stroke are all modifiable factors associated with cognitive decline. If these factors are determined to be causal, controlling them could minimize worldwide levels of cognitive decline. However, any global prevention strategy may need to consider ethno-regional differences
Longevidade pĂłs-colheita de alpĂnia [Alpinia purpurata (Vieill.) K. Schum.] tratada com soluçÔes de sacarose e extratos aquosos naturais
Intervenção governamental, crescimento e bem-estar: efeitos da polĂtica de Equalização das Taxas de Juros do crĂ©dito rural nas regiĂ”es brasileiras
Efeitos do tamanho da partĂcula e da concentração de sedimentos suspensos sobre a turbidez
X chromosome inactivation does not necessarily determine the severity of the phenotype in Rett syndrome patients
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a severe neurological disorder usually caused by mutations in the MECP2 gene. Since the MECP2 gene is located on the X chromosome, X chromosome inactivation (XCI) could play a role in the wide range of phenotypic variation of RTT patients; however, classical methylation-based protocols to evaluate XCI could not determine whether the preferentially inactivated X chromosome carried the mutant or the wild-type allele. Therefore, we developed an allele-specific methylation-based assay to evaluate methylation at the loci of several recurrent MECP2 mutations. We analyzed the XCI patterns in the blood of 174 RTT patients, but we did not find a clear correlation between XCI and the clinical presentation. We also compared XCI in blood and brain cortex samples of two patients and found differences between XCI patterns in these tissues. However, RTT mainly being a neurological disease complicates the establishment of a correlation between the XCI in blood and the clinical presentation of the patients. Furthermore, we analyzed MECP2 transcript levels and found differences from the expected levels according to XCI. Many factors other than XCI could affect the RTT phenotype, which in combination could influence the clinical presentation of RTT patients to a greater extent than slight variations in the XCI pattern
ExigĂȘncia de cĂĄlcio para codornas japonesas (Coturnix coturnix japonica) machos na fase de 1 a 21 dias de idade
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