Probing the two-scale-factor universality hypothesis by exact rotation symmetry-breaking mechanism

We probe the two-scale factor universality hypothesis by evaluating, firstly explicitly and analytically at the one-loop order, the loop quantum corrections to the amplitude ratios for O($N$) $\lambda\phi^{4}$ scalar field theories with rotation symmetry-breaking in three distinct and independent methods in which the rotation symmetry-breaking mechanism is treated exactly. We show that the rotation symmetry-breaking amplitude ratios turn out to be identical in the three methods and equal to their respective rotation symmetry-breaking ones, although the amplitudes themselves, in general, depend on the method employed and on the rotation symmetry-breaking parameter. At the end, we show that all these results can be generalized, through an inductive process based on a general theorem emerging from the exact calculation, to any loop level and physically interpreted based on symmetry ideas.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figure

Control of osmotic pressure to improve cell viability in cell‐laden tissue engineering constructs

Design of tissue engineering strategies deals with the need to balance both biomaterials characteristics and techniques specificities, often resulting in cellâ compromising processing conditions. One important factor often disregarded is the osmotic pressure to which cells are exposed. An inâ house microfluidic system was used to prove that addition of an osmotic regulator significantly benefits the generation of viable cellâ laden hydrogels under harsh processing conditions. Human adiposeâ derived stem cells were resuspended in 1.5% alginate and 1% gellan gum (GG; w/v) solutions containing different concentrations (0.12 M, 0.25 M and 1.5 M) of sucrose as osmotic regulator. GG (in water) and alginate (in water or phosphateâ buffered saline) solutions were used to vary the conditions under which cells were kept prior processing. Independently of the polymer, addition of sucrose did not affect the processing conditions or the viscosity of the solutions, except at 1.5 M. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that inclusion of 0.25 M sucrose during processing of the cellâ laden hydrogels allowed to keep cell viability around 80%, in opposition to the 20% observed in its absence, both for GG and alginateâ derived hydrogels prepared in water. Impressively, the level of cell viability observed with the inclusion of 0.25 M sucrose, 76% for GG and 86% for alginate, was similar to that obtained with the standard alginate solution prepared in phosphateâ buffered saline (82%). The beneficial effect of sucrose was observed within the first 5 min of processing and was maintained for prolonged experimental setups with viability values above 50%, even after a 2â h timeâ frame and independently of the material.The authors would like to acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) for personal grant SFRH/BPD/109595/ 2015 under the scope of POCH, co‐funded by the European Social Fund and national funds by MCTES. The work developed was supported by the European Research Council (Advanced Grant No. ERC‐2012‐AdG_20120216‐321266 for the project ComplexiTE).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Efeitos colaterais de produtos fitossanitárioas utilizados no controle de Helicoverpa armigera sobre Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae).

No presente trabalho objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos dos produtos (g p.c./L de água): Bacillus thuringiensis (4); Baculovirus helicoverpa zea (0,008), clorfenapir (90), flupiradifurone (200) e metomil (107,5), sobre T. pretiosum. Ovos de Anagasta kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) contendo os parasitoides em suas fases imaturas (ovo-larva, pré-pupa e pupa) foram tratados com os produtos em torre de Potter.Resumo 10

Radio Properties of z>4 Optically-Selected Quasars

We report on two programs to address differential evolution between the radio-loud and radio-quiet quasar populations at high (z>4) redshift. Both programs entail studying the radio properties of optically-selected quasars. First, we have observed 32 optically-selected, high-redshift (z>4) quasars with the VLA at 6 cm (5 GHz). These sources comprise a statistically complete and well-understood sample. We detect four quasars above our 3-sigma limit of ~0.15 mJy, which is sufficiently sensitive to detect all radio-loud quasars at the probed redshift range. Second, we have correlated 134 z>4 quasars, comprising all such sources that we are aware of as of mid-1999, with FIRST and NVSS. These two recent 1.4 GHz VLA sky surveys reach 3-sigma limits of approximately 0.6 mJy and 1.4 mJy respectively. We identify a total of 15 z>4 quasars, of which six were not previously known to be radio-loud. The depth of these surveys does not reach the radio-loud/radio-quiet demarcation luminosity density (L(1.4 GHz) = 10^32.5 h(50)^(-2) ergs/s/Hz) at the redshift range considered; this correlation therefore only provides a lower limit to the radio-loud fraction of quasars at high-redshift. The two programs together identify eight new radio-loud quasars at z>4, a significant increase over the seven currently in the published literature. We find no evidence for radio-loud fraction depending on optical luminosity for -25 > M_B > -28 at z~2, or for -26>M_B>-28 at z>4. Our results also show no evolution in the radio-loud fraction between z~2 and z>4 (-26>M_B>-28).Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures; to appear in The Astronomical Journal (April 2000

Biodegradation of 2-fluorophenol in a rotating biological contactor

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