Italian and Croatian Urban Planning: A Comparative Analysis

Croatian and Italian coasts get involved in seasonal tourism that affects the equilibrium of cities. This phenomenon causes many specific problems that can be solved by suitable urban planning strategies. The actual Croatian coast development seems to replay the situation of the Italian coast 20 years ago: in both cases, the absence of adequate planning causes inability to manage and control urban growth. With respect to these general issues, the author aims at identifyng the planning framework instituted in Italy and in Croatia, through the comparative analysis of local and regional planning instruments such as guidelines, directives and prescriptions for actual and future plans. This study concerns mainly the two coastal areas of Molise, in Italy, and of Split-Dalmacija and Dubrovnik-Neretva counties, in Croatia. The author illustrates how a lack of a suitable physical planning is a serious threat to the development of coastal areas. One of the main causes is that the actual local and regional devices are unable to answer positively to environmental and landscape emergencies, especially in Croatia. Some of the main themes analysed are the following: road and railway systems, architectural, environmental and natural resources, industrial and tourist growth. The planning process has a strategical and leading role in urban governance, both in preliminary and in putting in act phase, in order to reach a sustainable development of the territory. Some interesting results emerge from the comparison of the two government systems and from the resources still available in Italy and in Croatia. These results are useful for continuing the research of development strategies to enhance the territorial value in a compatible way with needs of environmental and nature protection.The planning design guidelines, based on the development capability assessment of the territory, should be answer the requirements of sustainability and valorisation of local resources. This study has been accomplished by the GES.S.TER. Interreg III A Adriatic Cross Border (the Head of this Project is prof. Donatella Cialdea, University of Molise, and the Cross Border Partner is University of Split). The author is a PhD student in “Landscape Analysis and Valorisation†by University of Molise, Italy.

Pattern avoidance in compositions and multiset permutations

We study pattern avoidance by combinatorial objects other than permutations, namely by ordered partitions of an integer and by permutations of a multiset. In the former case we determine the generating function explicitly, for integer compositions of n that avoid a given pattern of length 3 and we show that the answer is the same for all such patterns. We also show that the number of multiset permutations that avoid a given three-letter pattern is the same for all such patterns, thereby extending and refining earlier results of Albert, Aldred et al., and by Atkinson, Walker and Linton. Further, the number of permutations of a multiset S, with a_i copies of i for i = 1, ..., k, that avoid a given permutation pattern in S_3 is a symmetric function of the a_i's, and we will give here a bijective proof of this fact first for the pattern (123), and then for all patterns in S_3 by using a recently discovered bijection of Amy N. Myers.Comment: 8 pages, no figur

Traffic Offloading/Onloading in Multi-RAT Cellular Networks

We analyze next generation cellular networks, offering connectivity to mobile users through multiple radio access technologies (RATs), namely LTE and WiFi. We develop a framework based on the Markovian agent formalism, which can model several aspects of the system, including user traffic dynamics and radio resource allocation. In particular, through a mean-field solution, we show the ability of our framework to capture the system behavior in flash-crowd scenarios, i.e., when a burst of traffic requests takes place in some parts of the network service area. We consider a distributed strategy for the user RAT selection, which aims at ensuring high user throughput, and investigate its performance under different resource allocation scheme

An update on the middle levels problem

The middle levels problem is to find a Hamilton cycle in the middle levels, M_{2k+1}, of the Hasse diagram of B_{2k+1} (the partially ordered set of subsets of a 2k+1-element set ordered by inclusion). Previously, the best result was that M_{2k+1} is Hamiltonian for all positive k through k=15. In this note we announce that M_{33} and M_{35} have Hamilton cycles. The result was achieved by an algorithmic improvement that made it possible to find a Hamilton path in a reduced graph of complementary necklace pairs having 129,644,790 vertices, using a 64-bit personal computer.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure

Regularly spaced subsums of integer partitions

For integer partitions $\lambda :n=a_1+...+a_k$, where $a_1\ge a_2\ge >...\ge a_k\ge 1$, we study the sum $a_1+a_3+...$ of the parts of odd index. We show that the average of this sum, over all partitions $\lambda$ of $n$, is of the form $n/2+(\sqrt{6}/(8\pi))\sqrt{n}\log{n}+c_{2,1}\sqrt{n}+O(\log{n}).$ More generally, we study the sum $a_i+a_{m+i}+a_{2m+i}+...$ of the parts whose indices lie in a given arithmetic progression and we show that the average of this sum, over all partitions of $n$, is of the form $n/m+b_{m,i}\sqrt{n}\log{n}+c_{m,i}\sqrt{n}+O(\log{n})$, with explicitly given constants $b_{m,i},c_{m,i}$. Interestingly, for $m$ odd and $i=(m+1)/2$ we have $b_{m,i}=0$, so in this case the error term is of lower order. The methods used involve asymptotic formulas for the behavior of Lambert series and the Zeta function of Hurwitz. We also show that if $f(n,j)$ is the number of partitions of $n$ the sum of whose parts of even index is $j$, then for every $n$, $f(n,j)$ agrees with a certain universal sequence, Sloane's sequence \texttt{#A000712}, for $j\le n/3$ but not for any larger $j$