Dinâmicas centrípetas e centrífugas na formação do Estado monárquico no Brasil: o papel do Conselho Geral da Província de São Paulo Centripetal and centrifugal forces in the creation of the monarchic state in Brazil: the role of the General Council of the Province of São Paulo

O presente artigo avalia a formação e o funcionamento do Conselho Geral da Província de São Paulo durante o Primeiro Império. Organismo previsto na Constituição de 1824, com funções que podem ser consideradas um embrião do Poder Legislativo provincial, organizou-se efetivamente na província de São Paulo em 1828, quando o governo de D. Pedro I já se desgastava. O significado de sua existência no contexto das dinâmicas centrífugas e centrípetas atuantes na primeira construção do Estado no Brasil independente constituem o principal objetivo da presente análise.<br>The present article examines the creation and development of São Paulo Provincial General Council during the First Empire of Brazil. As outlined in the Brazilian Constitution of 1824, the organ had functions that can be viewed as an embryonic provincial legislative power, and was actually established in the Province of São Paulo by 1828, when the government of Dom Pedro I was already becoming exhausted. The main focus of the present analysis is the significance of the Council's existence in the midst of the centrifugal and centripetal dynamics acting during the creation of Brazil's first independent state

Do despotismo da gentalha à democracia da gravata lavada: história do conceito de democracia no Brasil (1770-1870)

The voting rate in Brazil only reached 40% (considered consistent with a modern democracy) in the 1980s. However, the bibliography always refers to the 1986, 1945, and 1933 elections as moments of "re-democratization", when explicitly or implicitly the original "democracy" could only have existed during the fraudulent and oligarchic First Republic (1889-1930). This article focuses on the process by which the 19th century Brazilian elites slowly forged this purely liberal-institutional concept of democracy, with extensive repercussions during the following century. The concept found its symbol in the "starched collar democracy" to which Teófilo Ottoni referred in his campaign in 1860, limited to the educated and moneyed stratum of the population, and reclaimed by the UDN party in the 1945 presidential campaign