Sensibilidade de helmintos gastrintestinais parasitos de ovinos a diferentes grupos de anti-helmínticos em duas propriedades na região do Vale do Paraíba estado de São Paulo.

A ovinocultura é uma atividade em franco desenvolvimento na região do Vale do Paraíba, SP. A verminose é um dos principais problemas sanitários da ovinocultura, causando grandes prejuízos aos produtores. No entanto, o controle da verminose por meio do uso exaustivo de vermífugos, como única medida, é cada vez menos eficiente em função da resistência que os nematoides gastrintestinais tem desenvolvido a vários anti-helmínticos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a eficácia anti-helmíntica em duas propriedades; P1 e P2, com manejo semelhante, situadas nos municípios de Guaratinguetá e Pindamonhangaba, respectivamente. Em cada propriedade, 60 ovinos, com contagem de OPG superior a 200, foram alocados ao acaso em seis grupos semelhantes em número, sexo e categoria, sendo cinco grupos tratados: ivermectina 1% (IVM, 1ml/50kg), sulfóxido de albendazole (ABZ, 1ml/30kg), cloridrato de levamisole (LEV, 1ml/10kg), moxidectina 1% (MOX, 1ml/50kg), closantel sódico 10% (CLO, 1ml/10kg) e um grupo controle, não medicado. Quatorze dias após o tratamento, procedeu-se à colheita das fezes dos animais de todos os tratamentos para efetuar o teste de redução de contagem de ovos nas fezes (calculado pelo programa RESO 2.0) e coproculturas. Os resultados obtidos na P1 indicaram nematoides resistentes (eficácia inferior a 80%) à IVM (72% de eficácia), MOX (0%), CLO (73%), LEV (31%) e ABZ (0%). Nesta propriedade, Haemonchus sp. apresentou resistência a todos os produtos, Trichostrongylus sp. foi sensível (eficácia superior a 90%) apenas ao ABZ e Strongyloides sp. sensível a todos os produtos. Na P2, também foram encontrados helmintos resistentes à IVM (0%), ABZ (80%), MOX (45%), CLO (56%) e LEV (56%). A exemplo da P1, Haemonchus sp. apresentou resistência a todos os produtos, Trichostrongylus sp., baixa resistência (eficácia entre 81 e 90%) a MOX, e sensibilidade ao ABZ. Não há publicações na região sobre a eficácia de anti-helmínticos usados para controle de helmintos gastrintestinais parasitos de ovinos. Os resultados obtidos indicam a necessidade urgente da adoção de mudanças no manejo dos rebanhos que visem minimizar o uso de produtos para preservar os poucos ativos ainda eficazes. Em estudos posteriores, testes moleculares serão aplicados nas larvas de Haemonchus sp. e Trichostrongylus sp. para identificação de polimorfismos no gene da b-tubulina.1 CD-ROM. CONBRAVET

Correlação do acúmulo de horas de frio entre duas estações agroclimatológicas situadas em diferentes posições geográficas no município de Pelotas-RS.

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Serious fungal infections in Portugal

There is a lack of knowledge on the epidemiology of fungal infections worldwide because there are no reporting obligations. The aim of this study was to estimate the burden of fungal disease in Portugal as part of a global fungal burden project. Most published epidemiology papers reporting fungal infection rates from Portugal were identified. Where no data existed, specific populations at risk and fungal infection frequencies in those populations were used in order to estimate national incidence or prevalence, depending on the condition. An estimated 1,510,391 persons develop a skin or nail fungal infection each year. The second most common fungal infection in Portugal is recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis, with an estimated 150,700 women (15-50 years of age) suffering from it every year. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected people, oral or oesophageal candidiasis rates were estimated to be 19.5 and 16.8/100,000, respectively. Candidaemia affects 2.19/100,000 patients, in a total of 231 cases nationally. Invasive aspergillosis is less common than in other countries as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is uncommon in Portugal, a total of 240 cases annually. The estimated prevalence of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis after tuberculosis (TB) is 194 cases, whereas its prevalence for all underlying pulmonary conditions was 776 patients. Asthma is common (10% in adults) and we estimate 16,614 and 12,600 people with severe asthma with fungal sensitisation and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, respectively. Sixty-five patients develop Pneumocystis pneumonia in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 13 develop cryptococcosis. Overall, we estimate a total number of 1,695,514 fungal infections starting each year in Portugal.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a foot-ankle exercise program aiming to improve foot-ankle functionality and gait biomechanics in people with diabetic neuropathy: A randomized controlled trial

Foot-ankle strengthening and mobility exercises are part of international guideline recommendations for people at risk of diabetic foot disease. We examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a 12-week foot-ankle exercise program on clinical, functional and biomechanical outcomes in people with diabetic neuropathy (DPN). We randomly allocated 30 people with DPN to usual care (control) or usual care plus a supervised exercise program (intervention). For feasibility, we assessed recruitment rate and participant adherence and satisfaction. For program efficacy, we assessed baseline to 12-week changes in daily physical activity level, gait speed, tactile sensitivity, ankle range of motion, DPN symptoms, quality of life, foot health and functionality, foot strength and plantar pressure during gait, using paired t-tests (p < 0.05). In 52 weeks, we recruited 45 eligible participants (0.90/week). Program adherence was 80% and participants’ satisfaction had a mean (SD) of 4.57 (0.70) out of 5. The intervention group significantly improved on toes strength, contact time during gait and DPN symptoms, and peak forefoot pressures increased over time; controls showed significantly increased heel peak pressures and force. The exercise program was feasible, based on a moderate recruitment rate and an adherent and satisfied population, and the intervention showed several positive preliminary effects over time compared to usual care

Feasibility of a home-based foot–ankle exercise programme for musculoskeletal dysfunctions in people with diabetes: randomised controlled FOotCAre (FOCA) Trial II

Abstract This study sought to assess the feasibility of design, adherence, satisfaction, safety and changes in outcomes followed by a home-based foot–ankle exercise guided by a booklet in individuals with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). 20 participants were allocated usual care [control group (CG)] or usual care plus home-based foot–ankle exercises [intervention group (IG)] for 8 weeks. For feasibility, we assessed contact, preliminary screening and recruitment rates, adherence, and using a 5-point Likert scale to satisfaction and safety of the booklet. In the IG, we assessed preliminary changes in DPN symptoms, DPN severity (classified by a fuzzy model) and foot–ankle range of motion between baseline and Week 8. In the first 20 weeks, 1310 individuals were screened for eligibility by phone contact. Contact rate was 89% (contacted participants/20w), preliminary screening success 28% (participants underwent screening/20w), and recruitment rate 1.0 participants/week (eligible participants/20w). The recruitment rate was less than the ideal rate of 5 participants/week. The adherence to the exercises programme was 77%, and the dropout was 11% and 9% for the IG and CG, respectively. In the IG, participants’ median level of satisfaction was 4 (IQR: 4–5) and perceived safety was 3 (IQR: 3–5). IG significantly decreased the DPN severity (p = 0.020), increased hallux relative to forefoot (first metatarsal) range of motion (ROM) (p < 0.001) and decreased maximum forefoot relative to hindfoot (midfoot motion) dorsiflexion during gait (p = 0.029). The home-based programme was feasible, satisfactory, safe and showed preliminary positive changes in DPN severity and foot motion during gait. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04008745. Registered 02/07/2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04008745