Standardization of Ajmodadi churna, a polyherbal formulation

Standardization of herbal formulations is essential in order to assess the quality of drugs, based on the concentration of their active principles. This article reports on standardization of Ajmodadi churna, a polyherbal ayurvedic medicine used as a carminative and an antispasmodic, and is a strong wormifuge, and helps in all painful conditions like sciatica and stiffness in back and also restores normal digestive functions. Ajmodadi churna was prepared as per Ayurvedic Formulary of India. In-house preparation and the marketed drug have been standardized on the basis of organoleptic characters, physical characteristics, and physico-chemical properties. The set parameters were found to be sufficient to evaluate the churna and can be used as reference standards for the quality control/quality assurance laboratory of a Pharmaceutical house

Synthesis of naphtho[2, 1<i>-b </i>]furo[3,2-<i>e</i>]-1,4-diazepin-2-ones and naphtho[2, 1-<i>b</i>]furo[3,2-<i>e</i>]-1,3,4-triazepin-2-ones of pharmacological interest

1537-15432-Hydroxy-1-naphthonitrile 1 on treatment with different haloketones affords corresponding 2-acyl-3-aminonaphtho[2,1-b] furans 2a-c. The compounds 2a-c on refluxing with chloroacetyl chloride produce 3-chloroacetamido-2-acylnaphtho[2,1-b]furans 3a-c, which on subsequent treatment with methanolic ammonia yields the desired naphtho[2,1-b] furo[3,2-e] -1,4-diazepin-2-ones 4a-c. The synthesis of another intermediate 3-aminonaphtho[2, 1-b] furan-2-carboxylate 5, is accomplished by reacting 1 with ethyl chloroacetate. The compound 5 is converted into 1H-2,3,4,5-tetrahydronaphtho[2, 1-b]furo[3,2-e]-1 ,4-diazepin-2,5-dione 7 via ethyl 3-chloroacetamido naphtho[2,1-b]furan-2-carboxylate 6. The reaction of 2a-c with ethyl chloroformate results in the formation of 2-acyl-3 carbethoxyaminonaphtho[2,1-b ]furans 5a-c, which are further converted into different hydrazones 9a-i. The cyclisation of hydrazones 9a-i to 5-alkyl/aryl-3-substituted-1H-2,3-dihydronaphtho[2,1-b) furo[3,2-e]-1 ,3,4-triazepin-2-ones 10a-i is achieved by refluxing in acetic acid. The structures of newly synthesized compounds have been established by elemental analysis and spectral data. Their antimicrobial, anthelmintic and analgesic activities have been evaluated

Terminalia tomentosa Bark Ameliorates Inflammation and Arthritis in Carrageenan Induced Inflammatory Model and Freund’s Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis Model in Rats

Terminalia tomentosa bark belongs to the family Combretaceae. The plant bark is astringent and useful in the treatment of ulcers, vata, fractures, hemorrhages, bronchitis, and diarrhea. Phytochemical investigation of T. tomentosa bark confirms the presence of flavonoids, polyphenols, and tannins. The plant has not been investigated for its anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic activity. The present study was undertaken to explore its possible anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic activity. Anti-inflammatory activity of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of the bark was assessed by in vivo methods. In vivo antiarthritic potential of the extracts was evaluated by Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis in Wistar rats. Our findings showed that the alcoholic and aqueous extracts exhibited anti-inflammatory activity at 500 mg/kg oral dose in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema and carrageenan-induced air pouch inflammation models. We also found alcoholic as well as aqueous extracts of the bark restored the altered blood and serum parameters caused by the Complete Freund’s Adjuvant-induced arthritis in Wistar rats. This study shows that the T. tomentosa bark extracts possess anti-inflammatory activity and have pronounced effects on adjuvant arthritis also. Future studies are necessary to provide deeper insight into the exact mechanism of the action of anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic activity of T. tomentosa