Development of dynamic, space distributed mathematical model of DCT of production uranium hexafluoride and the further modeling of process

The publication deals with two major hydrodynamic model, which is used in the simulation of mass transfer processes. This model of an ideal mixing and model of ideal displacement. Job pokkazyvaet their application in industry, namely the use of the device-combined typeWork shows their application in industry, in part the use of the device-combined type

Complete quantization of a diffeomorphism invariant field theory

In order to test the canonical quantization programme for general relativity we introduce a reduced model for a real sector of complexified Ashtekar gravity which captures important properties of the full theory. While it does not correspond to a subset of Einstein's gravity it has the advantage that the programme of canonical quantization can be carried out completely and explicitly, both, via the reduced phase space approach or along the lines of the algebraic quantization programme. This model stands in close correspondence to the frequently treated cylindrically symmetric waves. In contrast to other models that have been looked at up to now in terms of the new variables the reduced phase space is infinite dimensional while the scalar constraint is genuinely bilinear in the momenta. The infinite number of Dirac observables can be expressed in compact and explicit form in terms of the original phase space variables. They turn out, as expected, to be non-local and form naturally a set of countable cardinality.Comment: 32p, LATE

Listen, Learn, Like! Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Involved in the Mere Exposure Effect in Music

We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the neural basis of the mere exposure effect in music listening, which links previous exposure to liking. Prior to scanning, participants underwent a learning phase, where exposure to melodies was systematically varied. During scanning, participants rated liking for each melody and, later, their recognition of them. Participants showed learning effects, better recognising melodies heard more often. Melodies heard most often were most liked, consistent with the mere exposure effect. We found neural activations as a function of previous exposure in bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal and inferior parietal cortex, probably reflecting retrieval and working memory-related processes. This was despite the fact that the task during scanning was to judge liking, not recognition, thus suggesting that appreciation of music relies strongly on memory processes. Subjective liking per se caused differential activation in the left hemisphere, of the anterior insula, the caudate nucleus, and the putamen

Hot Electron Capture Dissociation Distinguishes Leucine from Isoleucine in a Novel Hemoglobin Variant, Hb Askew, β54(D5)Val→Ile

Population migration has led to the global dispersion of human hemoglobinopathies and has precipitated a need for their identification. An effective mass spectrometry-based procedure involves analysis of the intact α- and β-globin chains to determine their mass, followed by location of the variant amino acid residue by direct analysis of the enzymatically digested chains and low-energy collision induced dissociation of the variant peptide. Using this procedure, a variant was identified as either β54Val→Leu or β54Val→Ile, since the amino acids leucine and isoleucine cannot be distinguished using low-energy collisions. Here, we describe how hot electron capture dissociation on a Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer was used to distinguish isoleucine from leucine and identify the mutation as β54(D5)Val→Ile. This is a novel variant, and we have named it Hb Askew

Novel γ-carboxyglutamic acid-containing peptides from the venom of Conus textile

Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2006. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Blackwell for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in FEBS Journal 273 (2006): 2779-2788, doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05355_1.x.The cone snail is the only invertebrate system in which the vitamin K dependent carboxylase (or γ-carboxylase) and its product γ-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla)1 have been identified. It remains the sole source of structural information of invertebrate γ-carboxylase subtrates. Four novel γ- carboxyglutamic acid (Gla)1 containing peptides were purified from the venom of Conus textile and characterized by biochemical methods and mass spectrometry. The peptides Gla(1)-TxVI, Gla(2)-TxVI/A, Gla(2)-TxVI/B and Gla(3)-TxVI each have 6 Cys residues and belong to the O-superfamily of conotoxins. All four conopeptides contain 4-trans-hydroxyproline and the unusual amino acid 6-L-bromotryptophan. Gla(2)-TxVI/A and Gla(2)- TxVI/B are isoforms with an amidated C-terminus that differ at positions +1 and +13. Three isoforms of Gla(3)-TxVI were observed that differ at position +7: Gla(3)-TxVI, Glu7-Gla(3)-TxVI and Asp7-Gla(3)-TxVI. The cDNAs encoding the precursors of the four peptides were cloned. The predicted signal sequences (amino acids –46 to –27) were nearly identical and highly hydrophobic. The predicted propeptide region (–20 to –1) that contains the γ-carboxylation recognition site (γ-CRS) is very similar in Gla(2)-TxVI/A, Gla(2)-TxVI/B and Gla(3)-TxVI, but is more divergent for Gla(1)-TxVI. Kinetic studies utilizing the Conus γ-carboxylase and synthetic peptide substrates localized the γ-CRS of Gla(1)-TxVI to the region –14 to –1 of the polypeptide precursor: the Km was reduced from 1.8 mM for Gla (1)-TxVI lacking a propeptide to 24 μM when a 14-residue propeptide was attached to the substrate. Similarly, addition of an 18-residue propeptide to Gla(2)-TxVI/B reduced the Km 10-fold.This work was supported by grants K2001-03X-04487-27A and K2001- 03GX-04487-27, 08647, 13147 from the Swedish Medical Research Council, the European Union Cono-Euro-Pain (QLK3-CT-2000-00204), the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, the Kock Foundation, the Påhlsson Foundation and the Foundation of University Hospital, Malmö

Relativistic diffusion processes and random walk models

The nonrelativistic standard model for a continuous, one-parameter diffusion process in position space is the Wiener process. As well-known, the Gaussian transition probability density function (PDF) of this process is in conflict with special relativity, as it permits particles to propagate faster than the speed of light. A frequently considered alternative is provided by the telegraph equation, whose solutions avoid superluminal propagation speeds but suffer from singular (non-continuous) diffusion fronts on the light cone, which are unlikely to exist for massive particles. It is therefore advisable to explore other alternatives as well. In this paper, a generalized Wiener process is proposed that is continuous, avoids superluminal propagation, and reduces to the standard Wiener process in the non-relativistic limit. The corresponding relativistic diffusion propagator is obtained directly from the nonrelativistic Wiener propagator, by rewriting the latter in terms of an integral over actions. The resulting relativistic process is non-Markovian, in accordance with the known fact that nontrivial continuous, relativistic Markov processes in position space cannot exist. Hence, the proposed process defines a consistent relativistic diffusion model for massive particles and provides a viable alternative to the solutions of the telegraph equation.Comment: v3: final, shortened version to appear in Phys. Rev.

Women Have Higher Protein Content of β-Oxidation Enzymes in Skeletal Muscle than Men

It is well recognized that compared with men, women have better ultra-endurance capacity, oxidize more fat during endurance exercise, and are more resistant to fat oxidation defects i.e. diet-induced insulin resistance. Several groups have shown that the mRNA and protein transcribed and translated from genes related to transport of fatty acids into the muscle are greater in women than men; however, the mechanism(s) for the observed sex differences in fat oxidation remains to be determined. Muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis were obtained from moderately active men (N = 12) and women (N = 11) at rest to examine mRNA and protein content of genes involved in lipid oxidation. Our results show that women have significantly higher protein content for tri-functional protein alpha (TFPα), very long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD), and medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) (P<0.05). There was no significant sex difference in the expression of short-chain hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCHAD), or peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARα), or PPARγ, genes potentially involved in the transcriptional regulation of lipid metabolism. In conclusion, women have more protein content of the major enzymes involved in long and medium chain fatty acid oxidation which could account for the observed differences in fat oxidation during exercise