10,015 research outputs found
An immune system based genetic algorithm using permutation-based dualism for dynamic traveling salesman problems
Copyright @ Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009.In recent years, optimization in dynamic environments has attracted a growing interest from the genetic algorithm community due to the importance and practicability in real world applications. This paper proposes a new genetic algorithm, based on the inspiration from biological immune systems, to address dynamic traveling salesman problems. Within the proposed algorithm, a permutation-based dualism is introduced in the course of clone process to promote the population diversity. In addition, a memory-based vaccination scheme is presented to further improve its tracking ability in dynamic environments. The experimental results show that the proposed diversification and memory enhancement methods can greatly improve the adaptability of genetic algorithms for dynamic traveling salesman problems.This work was supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation (NNSF) of China under Grant No. 70431003 and Grant No. 70671020, the Science Fund for Creative Research Group of NNSF of China under GrantNo. 60521003, the National Science and Technology Support Plan of China under Grant No. 2006BAH02A09 and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) of UK under Grant No. EP/E060722/1
Approximate perturbed direct homotopy reduction method: infinite series reductions to two perturbed mKdV equations
An approximate perturbed direct homotopy reduction method is proposed and
applied to two perturbed modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equations with
fourth order dispersion and second order dissipation. The similarity reduction
equations are derived to arbitrary orders. The method is valid not only for
single soliton solution but also for the Painlev\'e II waves and periodic waves
expressed by Jacobi elliptic functions for both fourth order dispersion and
second order dissipation. The method is valid also for strong perturbations.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figur
Surgery remains the best option for the management of pain in patients with chronic pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Controversy related to endoscopic or surgical management of pain in patients with chronic pancreatitis remains. Despite improvement in endoscopic treatments, surgery remains the best option for pain management in these patients
Experimental demonstration of Gaussian protocols for one-sided device-independent quantum key distribution
Nonlocal correlations, a longstanding foundational topic in quantum
information, have recently found application as a resource for cryptographic
tasks where not all devices are trusted, for example in settings with a highly
secure central hub, such as a bank or government department, and less secure
satellite stations which are inherently more vulnerable to hardware "hacking"
attacks. The asymmetric phenomena of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering plays a
key role in one-sided device-independent quantum key distribution (1sDI-QKD)
protocols. In the context of continuous-variable (CV) QKD schemes utilizing
Gaussian states and measurements, we identify all protocols that can be 1sDI
and their maximum loss tolerance. Surprisingly, this includes a protocol that
uses only coherent states. We also establish a direct link between the relevant
EPR steering inequality and the secret key rate, further strengthening the
relationship between these asymmetric notions of nonlocality and device
independence. We experimentally implement both entanglement-based and
coherent-state protocols, and measure the correlations necessary for 1sDI key
distribution up to an applied loss equivalent to 7.5 km and 3.5 km of optical
fiber transmission respectively. We also engage in detailed modelling to
understand the limits of our current experiment and the potential for further
improvements. The new protocols we uncover apply the cheap and efficient
hardware of CVQKD systems in a significantly more secure setting.Comment: Addition of experimental results and (several) new author
Density of States for a Specified Correlation Function and the Energy Landscape
The degeneracy of two-phase disordered microstructures consistent with a
specified correlation function is analyzed by mapping it to a ground-state
degeneracy. We determine for the first time the associated density of states
via a Monte Carlo algorithm. Our results are described in terms of the
roughness of the energy landscape, defined on a hypercubic configuration space.
The use of a Hamming distance in this space enables us to define a roughness
metric, which is calculated from the correlation function alone and related
quantitatively to the structural degeneracy. This relation is validated for a
wide variety of disordered systems.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letter
Elevated Expression and Pro-Inflammatory Activity of IL-36 in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
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