Multifractality and scale invariance in human heartbeat dynamics

Human heart rate is known to display complex fluctuations. Evidence of multifractality in heart rate fluctuations in healthy state has been reported [Ivanov et al., Nature {\bf 399}, 461 (1999)]. This multifractal character could be manifested as a dependence on scale or beat number of the probability density functions (PDFs) of the heart rate increments. On the other hand, scale invariance has been recently reported in a detrended analysis of healthy heart rate increments [Kiyono et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 93}, 178103 (2004)]. In this paper, we resolve this paradox by clarifying that the scale invariance reported is actually exhibited by the PDFs of the sum of detrended healthy heartbeat intervals taken over different number of beats, and demonstrating that the PDFs of detrended healthy heart rate increments are scale dependent. Our work also establishes that this scale invariance is a general feature of human heartbeat dynamics, which is shared by heart rate fluctuations in both healthy and pathological states

Mapping metals at high redshift with far-infrared lines

Cosmic metal enrichment is one of the key physical processes regulating galaxy formation and the evolution of the intergalactic medium (IGM). However, determining the metal content of the most distant galaxies has proven so far almost impossible; also, absorption line experiments at $z\sim6$ become increasingly difficult because of instrumental limitations and the paucity of background quasars. With the advent of ALMA, far-infrared emission lines provide a novel tool to study early metal enrichment. Among these, the [CII] line at 157.74 $\mu$m is the most luminous line emitted by the interstellar medium of galaxies. It can also resonant scatter CMB photons inducing characteristic intensity fluctuations ($\Delta I/I_{CMB}$) near the peak of the CMB spectrum, thus allowing to probe the low-density IGM. We compute both [CII] galaxy emission and metal-induced CMB fluctuations at $z\sim 6$ by using Adaptive Mesh Refinement cosmological hydrodynamical simulations and produce mock observations to be directly compared with ALMA BAND6 data ($\nu_{obs}\sim 272$ GHz). The [CII] line flux is correlated with $M_{UV}$ as $\log(F_{peak}/\mu{\rm Jy})=-27.205-2.253\,M_{UV}-0.038\,M_{UV}^2$. Such relation is in very good agreement with recent ALMA observations (e.g. Maiolino et al. 2015; Capak et al. 2015) of $M_{UV}<-20$ galaxies. We predict that a $M_{UV}=-19$ ($M_{UV}=-18$) galaxy can be detected at $4\sigma$ in $\simeq40$ (2000) hours, respectively. CMB resonant scattering can produce $\simeq\pm 0.1\,\mu$Jy/beam emission/absorptions features that are very challenging to be detected with current facilities. The best strategy to detect these signals consists in the stacking of deep ALMA observations pointing fields with known $M_{UV}\simeq-19$ galaxies. This would allow to simultaneously detect both [CII] emission from galactic reionization sources and CMB fluctuations produced by $z\sim6$ metals.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figure

8-Methyl-5-methyl­ene-2-oxotricyclo[5.3.1.13,9]dodecan-endo-8-ol

The title compound, C14H20O2, crystallizes with homochiral chains of mol­ecules hydrogen bonded together along the b axis. Adjacent chains in the ab plane contain mol­ecules of the same chirality, leading to a chiral segregation of the mol­ecules into layers

Single top or bottom production associated with a scalar in \gamma p collision as a probe of topcolor-assisted technicolor

In the framework of the topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) models, we study the productions of a single top or bottom quark associated with a scalar in \gamma-p collision, which proceed via the subprocesses c\gamma -> t\pi_t^0, c\gamma -> t h_t^0 and c\gamma -> b\pi^+_t mediated by the anomalous top or bottom coupling tc\pi_t^0, tch_t^0 and bc\pi_t^+. These productions, while extremely suppressed in the Standard Model, are found to be significantly enhanced in the large part of the TC2 parameter space, especially the production via c\gamma -> b\pi^+ can have a cross section of 100 fb, which may be accessible and allow for a test of the TC2 models.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, comments and references adde

Tunneling Time in the Landau-Zener Model

We give a general definition for the tunneling time in the Landau-Zener model. This definition allows us to compute numerically the Landau-Zener tunneling time at any sweeping rate without ambiguity. We have also obtained analytical results in both the adiabatic limit and the sudden limit. Whenever applicable, our results are compared to previous results and they are in good agreement.Comment: 7pages, 9 figure

Symmetry-preserving Loop Regularization and Renormalization of QFTs

A new symmetry-preserving loop regularization method proposed in \cite{ylw} is further investigated. It is found that its prescription can be understood by introducing a regulating distribution function to the proper-time formalism of irreducible loop integrals. The method simulates in many interesting features to the momentum cutoff, Pauli-Villars and dimensional regularization. The loop regularization method is also simple and general for the practical calculations to higher loop graphs and can be applied to both underlying and effective quantum field theories including gauge, chiral, supersymmetric and gravitational ones as the new method does not modify either the lagrangian formalism or the space-time dimension of original theory. The appearance of characteristic energy scale $M_c$ and sliding energy scale $\mu_s$ offers a systematic way for studying the renormalization-group evolution of gauge theories in the spirit of Wilson-Kadanoff and for exploring important effects of higher dimensional interaction terms in the infrared regime.Comment: 13 pages, Revtex, extended modified version, more references adde

Production and decay of the neutral top-pion in high energy e+e−e^{+}e^{-} colliders

We study the production and decay of the neutral top-pion $\pi_{t}^{0}$ predicted by topcolor-assisted technicolor(TC2) theory. Our results show that, except the dominant decay modes $b\bar{b}$, $\bar{t}c$ and $gg$, the $\pi_{t}^{0}$ can also decay into $\gamma\gamma$ and $Z \gamma$ modes. It can be significantly produced at high energy $e^{+}e^{-}$ collider(LC) experiments via the processes $e^{+}e^{-}\to \pi_{t}^{0}\gamma$ and $e^{+}e^{-}\to Z\pi_{t}^{0}$. We further calculate the production cross sections of the processes $e^{+}e^{-}\to\gamma\pi_{t}^{0}\to\gamma\bar{t}c$ and $e^{+}e^{-}\to Z\pi_{t}^{0}\to Z\bar{t}c$. We find that the signatures of the neutral top-pion $\pi_{t}^{0}$ can be detected via these processes.Comment: Latex file, 13 Pages, 6 eps figures. to be published in Phys.Rev.

Rapid, multiplexed microfluidic phage display

The development of a method for high-throughput, automated proteomic screening could impact areas ranging from fundamental molecular interactions to the discovery of novel disease markers and therapeutic targets. Surface display techniques allow for efficient handling of large molecular libraries in small volumes. In particular, phage display has emerged as a powerful technology for selecting peptides and proteins with enhanced, target-specific binding affinities. Yet, the process becomes cumbersome and time-consuming when multiple targets are involved.Here we demonstrate for the first time a microfluidic chip capable of identifying high affinity phage displayed peptides for multiple targets in just a single round and without the need for bacterial infection. The chip is shown to be able to yield well-established control consensus sequences while simultaneously identifying new sequences for clinically important targets. Indeed, the confined parameters of the device allow not only for highly controlled assay conditions but also introduce a significant time-reduction to the phage display process. We anticipate that this easily-fabricated, disposable device has the potential to impact areas ranging from fundamental studies of protein, peptide, and molecular interactions, to applications such as fully automated proteomic screening