40 research outputs found
A Brazilian hepatitis A virus isolated and adapted in primate and primate cell line as a chance for the development of a vaccine
Multilevel analysis of hepatitis A infection in children and adolescents: a household survey in the Northeast and Central-west regions of Brazil
Background The objectives were to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis A among children and adolescents from the Northeast and Midwest regions and the Federal District of Brazil and to identify individual-, household- and area-levels factors associated with hepatitis A infection
Hepatitis A and E seroprevalence and associated risk factors: a community-based cross-sectional survey in rural Amazonia
Epidemiological pattern and mortality rates for hepatitis A in Brazil, 1980-2002: a review
PrevalĂȘncia da infecção pelos vĂrus das hepatites A e E em escolares de municĂpio da AmazĂŽnia Matogrossense
Serological evidence of hepatitis E virus infection in different animal species from the Southeast of Brazil
Epidemiological pattern and mortality rates for hepatitis A in Brazil, 1980-2002 - A Review
The prevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is high in
developing countries, in which low standards of sanitation promote the
transmission of the virus. In Latin America, which is considered an
area of high HAV endemicity, most HAV-positive individuals are infected
in early childhood. However, recent studies have shown that prevalence
rates are decreasing. Herein, we review the data on HAV prevalence and
outbreaks available in scientific databases. We also use official
government data in order to evaluate mortality rates in Brazil over the
last two decades. Studies conducted in the northernmost regions of
Brazil have indicated that, although improved hygiene has led to a
reduction in childhood exposure to HAV, the greatest exposure still
occurs early in life. In the Southeastern region, the persistence of
circulating HAV has generated outbreaks among individuals of low
socioeconomic status, despite adequate sanitation. Nationwide,
hepatitis A mortality rates declined progressively from 1980 to 2002.
During that period, mortality rates in the Northern region consistently
exceeded the mean national rate and those for other regions. Excluding
the North, the rates in all regions were comparable. Nevertheless, the
trend toward decline observed in the South was paralleled by a similar
trend in the North
Epidemiological pattern and mortality rates for hepatitis A in Brazil, 1980-2002--a review
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Previous issue date: 2006Universidade Federal Fluminense. Instituto BiomĂ©dico. Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia. NiterĂłi, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Virologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.niversidade Federal de Mato Grosso. Faculdade de CiĂȘncias MĂ©dicas. NĂșcleo de Doenças Infecciosas e Tropicais de Mato Grosso. CuiabĂĄ, MT, Brasil.The prevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is high in developing countries, in which low standards of sanitation promote the transmission of the virus. In Latin America, which is considered an area of high HAV endemicity, most HAV-positive individuals are infected in early childhood However recent studies have shown that prevalence rates are decreasing. Herein, we review the data on HAV prevalence and outbreaks available in scientific databases. We also use official government data in order to evaluate mortality rates in Brazil over the last two decades. Studies conducted in the northernmost regions of Brazil have indicated that, although improved hygiene has led to a reduction in childhood exposure to HAV, the greatest exposure still occurs early in life. In the Southeastern region, the persistence of circulating HAV has generated outbreaks among individuals of low socioeconomic status, despite adequate sanitation. Nationwide, hepatitis A mortality rates declined progressively from 1980 to 2002. During that period, mortality rates in the Northern region consistently exceeded the mean national rate and those for other regions. Excluding the North, the rates in all regions were comparable. Nevertheless, the trend toward decline observed in the South was paralleled by a similar trend in the North