989 research outputs found
Zero-temperature generalized phase diagram of the 4d transition metals under pressure
We use an accurate implementation of density functional theory (DFT) to
calculate the zero-temperature generalized phase diagram of the 4 series of
transition metals from Y to Pd as a function of pressure and atomic number
. The implementation used is full-potential linearized augmented plane waves
(FP-LAPW), and we employ the exchange-correlation functional recently developed
by Wu and Cohen. For each element, we obtain the ground-state energy for
several crystal structures over a range of volumes, the energy being converged
with respect to all technical parameters to within meV/atom. The
calculated transition pressures for all the elements and all transitions we
have found are compared with experiment wherever possible, and we discuss the
origin of the significant discrepancies. Agreement with experiment for the
zero-temperature equation of state is generally excellent. The generalized
phase diagram of the 4 series shows that the major boundaries slope towards
lower with increasing for the early elements, as expected from the
pressure induced transfer of electrons from states to states, but are
almost independent of for the later elements. Our results for Mo indicate a
transition from bcc to fcc, rather than the bcc-hcp transition expected from
- transfer.Comment: 28 pages and 10 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev.
An efficient algorithm for learning with semi-bandit feedback
We consider the problem of online combinatorial optimization under
semi-bandit feedback. The goal of the learner is to sequentially select its
actions from a combinatorial decision set so as to minimize its cumulative
loss. We propose a learning algorithm for this problem based on combining the
Follow-the-Perturbed-Leader (FPL) prediction method with a novel loss
estimation procedure called Geometric Resampling (GR). Contrary to previous
solutions, the resulting algorithm can be efficiently implemented for any
decision set where efficient offline combinatorial optimization is possible at
all. Assuming that the elements of the decision set can be described with
d-dimensional binary vectors with at most m non-zero entries, we show that the
expected regret of our algorithm after T rounds is O(m sqrt(dT log d)). As a
side result, we also improve the best known regret bounds for FPL in the full
information setting to O(m^(3/2) sqrt(T log d)), gaining a factor of sqrt(d/m)
over previous bounds for this algorithm.Comment: submitted to ALT 201
Linear or Rotary Actuator Using Electromagnetic Driven Hammer as Prime Mover
We claim a hammer driven actuator that uses the fast-motion, low-force characteristics of an electro-magnetic or similar prime mover to develop kinetic energy that can be transformed via a friction interface to produce a higher-force, lower-speed linear or rotary actuator by using a hammering process to produce a series of individual steps. Such a system can be implemented using a voice-coil, electro-mechanical solenoid or similar prime mover. Where a typical actuator provides limited range of motion or low force, the range of motion of a linear or rotary impact driven motor can be configured to provide large displacements which are not limited by the characteristic dimensions of the prime mover
Spectral Properties of delta-Plutonium: Sensitivity to 5f Occupancy
By combining the local density approximation (LDA) with dynamical mean field
theory (DMFT), we report a systematic analysis of the spectral properties of
-plutonium with varying occupancy. The LDA Hamiltonian is
extracted from a tight-binding (TB) fit to full-potential linearized augmented
plane-wave (FP-LAPW) calculations. The DMFT equations are solved by the exact
quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) method and the Hubbard-I approximation. We have shown
for the first time the strong sensitivity of the spectral properties to the
occupancy, which suggests using this occupancy as a fitting parameter in
addition to the Hubbard . By comparing with PES data, we conclude that the
``open shell'' configuration gives the best agreement, resolving the
controversy over ``open shell'' versus ``close shell'' atomic
configurations in -Pu.Comment: 6 pages, 2 embedded color figures, to appear in Physical Review
On the constitution of sodium at higher densities
Using density functional theory the atomic and electronic structure of sodium
are predicted to depart substantially from those expected of simple metals for
GPa). Newly-predicted phases include those with low
structural symmetry, semi-metallic electronic properties (including zero-gap
semiconducting limiting behavior), unconventional valence charge density
distributions, and even those that raise the possibility of superconductivity,
all at currently achievable pressures. Important differences emerge between
sodium and lithium at high densities, and these are attributable to
corresponding differences in their respective cores.Comment: 13 pages; 3 figure
Similarities between the Hubbard and Periodic Anderson Models at Finite Temperatures
The single band Hubbard and the two band Periodic Anderson Hamiltonians have
traditionally been applied to rather different physical problems - the Mott
transition and itinerant magnetism, and Kondo singlet formation and scattering
off localized magnetic states, respectively. In this paper, we compare the
magnetic and charge correlations, and spectral functions, of the two systems.
We show quantitatively that they exhibit remarkably similar behavior, including
a nearly identical topology of the finite temperature phase diagrams at
half-filling. We address potential implications of this for theories of the
rare earth ``volume collapse'' transition.Comment: 4 pages (RevTeX) including 4 figures in 7 eps files; as to appear in
Phys. Rev. Let
Arming the Outlaws: On the Moral Limits of the Arms Trade
There is a general presumption against arming outlaw states. But can that
presumption sometimes be overturned? The argument considered here
maintains that outlaw states can have legitimate security interests, and
that transferring weapons to these states can be an appropriate way of
promoting those interests. Weapons enable governments to engage in
wrongful oppression and aggression, but they also enable them to fend off predators in a manner that can be beneficial to their citizens. It clearly
does not follow from the fact that a state is oppressive or aggressive that it will never be a victim of wrongful aggression itself, and while an outlaw
state’s primary aim in repelling such aggression will often be the
preservation of its own power, its defensive manoeuvres will sometimes
also serve its citizens’ interests. In short, supplying weapons to outlaw
states may sometimes contribute to the protection of innocents
Dynamics of metallic stripes in cuprates
We study the dynamics of metallic vertical stripes in cuprates within the
three-band Hubbard model based on a recently developed time dependent
Gutzwiller approximation. As doping increases the optical conductivity shows
transfer of spectral weight from the charge transfer band towards i) an
incoherent band centered at 1.3eV, {ii} a Drude peak, mainly due to motion
along the stripe, {iii} a low energy collective mode which softens with doping
and merges with ii} at optimum doping in good agreement with experiment. The
softening is related to the quasidegeneracy between Cu centered and O centered
mean-field stripe solutions close to optimal doping.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, corrections to Fig.
Doping-dependent study of the periodic Anderson model in three dimensions
We study a simple model for -electron systems, the three-dimensional
periodic Anderson model, in which localized states hybridize with
neighboring states. The states have a strong on-site repulsion which
suppresses the double occupancy and can lead to the formation of a Mott-Hubbard
insulator. When the hybridization between the and states increases, the
effects of these strong electron correlations gradually diminish, giving rise
to interesting phenomena on the way. We use the exact quantum Monte-Carlo,
approximate diagrammatic fluctuation-exchange approximation, and mean-field
Hartree-Fock methods to calculate the local moment, entropy, antiferromagnetic
structure factor, singlet-correlator, and internal energy as a function of the
hybridization for various dopings. Finally, we discuss the relevance of
this work to the volume-collapse phenomenon experimentally observed in
f-electron systems.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figure
Survey and Ecological Studies of the Termites (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) of Mona Island
A survey of eight sites on Mona Island revealed four termite species in the family Kalotermitidae: Incisitermes nr. bequaerti (Snyder), I. nr. incisus (Silvestri), Neotermes mona (Banks), and Procryptotermes corniceps (Snyder). Incisitermes nr. bequaerti is a new record for the island. Identifiable wood hosts are reported. All species were found in dead wood, which is typical of drywood termites, but N. mona and P. corniceps were also collected from live wood. Examination of dead wood in three 9.3 m2 plots in a dense stand of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. revealed that an average of approximately three-quarters of the wood pieces were attacked by termites. Although the total volume of dead wood was almost six times greater in Plot 1 than in the other two plots, the number of termites per unit volume of dead wood was very similar (0.4 per cm2). Total numbers of individuals per colony ranged from 11 to 3,359 termites. Caste composition is reported for each colony, and large variations among colonies were noted. Alates as well as eggs were more common in larger colonies. Soldier percentages ranged from 0.7% to 20.5% in 16 P. corniceps colonies. The largest colonies occurred when the greatest volume of dead wood was available. /// Un muestreo de ocho sitios en la Isla Mona reveló cuatro especies de termitas de la familia Kalotermitidae: Incisitermes nr. bequaerti (Snyder), I. nr. incisus (Silvestri), Neotermes mona (Banks), y Procryptotermes corniceps (Snyder). Incisitermes nr. bequaerti es un nuevo registro para la isla. Son reportadas las maderas hospedantes. Todas las especies fueron encontradas en madera muerta, lo cual es tÃpico para las termitas de madera seca, pero N. mona y P. corniceps fueron también colectados en madera viva. El exámen de la madera muerta en tres parcelas de 9.3m2 en un denso grupo de Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. reveló que un promedio de aproximadamente tres cuartos de los pedazos de madera estaban atacados por las termitas. A pesar de que el volumen total de madera muerta fué casi seis veces mayor en la parcela 1 que en las otras dos, el número total de termitas por unidad de volumen de madera muerta fue muy similar (0.4/cm3). El número total de individuos por colonia varió de 11 a 3359 termitas. La composición de las castas es reportada para cada colonia. Fueron observadas grandes variaciones dentro de las colonias. Los porcentajes de soldados variaron de 0.7 a 20.5% en 16 colonias de P. corniceps. Las mayores colonias fueron encontradas cuando el mayor volumen de madera muerta era disponible
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