Asymptotic States and the Definition of the S-matrix in Quantum Gravity

Viewing gravitational energy-momentum as equal by observation, but different in essence from inertial energy-momentum naturally leads to the gauge theory of volume-preserving diffeormorphisms of an inner Minkowski space. The generalized asymptotic free scalar, Dirac and gauge fields in that theory are canonically quantized, the Fock spaces of stationary states are constructed and the gravitational limit - mapping the gravitational energy-momentum onto the inertial energy-momentum to account for their observed equality - is introduced. Next the S-matrix in quantum gravity is defined as the gravitational limit of the transition amplitudes of asymptotic in- to out-states in the gauge theory of volume-preserving diffeormorphisms. The so defined S-matrix relates in- and out-states of observable particles carrying gravitational equal to inertial energy-momentum. Finally generalized LSZ reduction formulae for scalar, Dirac and gauge fields are established which allow to express S-matrix elements as the gravitational limit of truncated Fourier-transformed vacuum expectation values of time-ordered products of field operators of the interacting theory. Together with the generating functional of the latter established in an earlier paper [8] any transition amplitude can in principle be computed to any order in perturbative quantum gravity.Comment: 35 page

Microwave power receiving antenna Patent

Microwave power receiving antenna solving heat dissipation problems by construction of elements as heat pipe device

Gravitational gradiometer measures mass changes

Differential angular accelerometer, utilizing complex geometric configurations and spring-coupled rotating masses, demonstrates feasibility of measuring mass distributions of celestial bodies by detecting spatial gradients of their fields from orbiting vehicles. Applications include mineralogical surveying, geodetic engineering, and solar system investigation

Using modified Gaussian distribution to study the physical properties of one and two-component ultracold atoms

Gaussian distribution is commonly used as a good approximation to study the trapped one-component Bose-condensed atoms with relatively small nonlinear effect. It is not adequate in dealing with the one-component system of large nonlinear effect, nor the two-component system where phase separation exists. We propose a modified Gaussian distribution which is more effective when dealing with the one-component system with relatively large nonlinear terms as well as the two-component system. The modified Gaussian is also used to study the breathing modes of the two-component system, which shows a drastic change in the mode dispersion at the occurrence of the phase separation. The results obtained are in agreement with other numerical results.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Concentric tubes cold-bonded by drawing and internal expansion

Metal tubes bonded together without heat application or brazing materials retain strength at elevated temperatures, and when subjected to constant or cyclic temperature gradients. Combination drawing and expansion process produces residual tangential tensile stress in the outer tube and tangential compressive stress in the inner tube

Similarity solutions of Reaction-Diffusion equation with space- and time-dependent diffusion and reaction terms

We consider solvability of the generalized reaction-diffusion equation with both space- and time-dependent diffusion and reaction terms by means of the similarity method. By introducing the similarity variable, the reaction-diffusion equation is reduced to an ordinary differential equation. Matching the resulting ordinary differential equation with known exactly solvable equations, one can obtain corresponding exactly solvable reaction-diffusion systems. Several representative examples of exactly solvable reaction-diffusion equations are presented.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

Compatible abelian symmetries in N-Higgs-Doublet Models

We analyze the compatibility between abelian symmetries acting in two different sectors of a theory using the Smith Normal Form method. We focus on N-Higgs-doublet models (NHDMs) and on the compatibility between symmetries in the Higgs potential and in the Yukawa interactions, which were separately analyzed previous works. It is shown that two equal (isomorphic) symmetry groups that act in two separate sectors are not necessarily compatible in the whole theory and an upper bound is found for the size of the group that can be implemented in the entire NHDM. We also develop useful techniques to analyze compatibility and extend a symmetry from one sector to another. Consequences to the supersymmetric case are briefly discussed.Comment: v2: 40pp; some modifications in text, brief discussion on the supersymmetric case added; to appear in JHE

Growth and Characterization of Lead Sulphide Thin Film for Solar Cell Fabrication

Lead Sulphide thin film was deposited on glass substrate prepared from lead acetate and thiourea solution using solut ion growth technique. XRD studies show that, films prepared are in nanocry s tal l ine range. Also the diffraction peaks are found to be in good agreement with standard ASTM data. Optical studies show that the band gap energy is in the range of 0.75eV – 1.98eV. SEM studies show that the film surface have uni form grains and the grain size obtained are of the order of 15-20 nm and this is in agreement with the calculated values from the XRD result . Electrical resistance is in the range of 150 Giga Ohms. Vicker’

Ultrasonic quality inspection of bonded honeycomb assemblies is automated

Inspection system for bonded honeycomb assemblies is accurate, fast, and automated. The ultrasonic system consists of inner and outer transducer positioning assemblies with suitable motor controls, a centerless turntable assembly, water squirter assemblies, and an inspection program completely encoded on tape suitable for use on a high speed computer