38,227 research outputs found
Ferromagnetism and temperature-dependent Electronic Structure of hcp Gadolinium
We use a combination of a many-body model analysis with an ab initio band
structure calculation to derive the temperature dependent electronic
quasiparticle structure of the rare-earth metal Gadolinium. As a local-moment
system Gd is properly represented by the ferromagnetic (multiband)
Kondo-lattice model (s-f (d-f) model). The single-particle part of the
model-Hamiltonian is taken from an augmented spherical wave (ASW) band
calculation. The proposed method avoids the double counting of relevant
interactions by exploiting an exact limiting case of the model and takes into
account the correct symmetry of atomic orbitals. The a priori only weakly
correlated 5d conduction bands get via interband exchange coupling to the
localized 4f levels a distinct temperature dependence which explains by a
Rudermann-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) -type mechanism the ferromagnetism of Gd.
We get a self-consistently derived Curie temperature of 294.1 K and a
T=0-moment of 7.71 , surprisingly close to the experimental
values. The striking induced temperature-dependence of the 5d conduction bands
explains respective photoemission data. The only parameter of the theory
(interband exchange coupling J) is uniquely fixed by the band calculation.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figure
On the 2:1 Orbital Resonance in the HD 82943 Planetary System
We present an analysis of the HD 82943 planetary system based on a radial
velocity data set that combines new measurements obtained with the Keck
telescope and the CORALIE measurements published in graphical form. We examine
simultaneously the goodness of fit and the dynamical properties of the best-fit
double-Keplerian model as a function of the poorly constrained eccentricity and
argument of periapse of the outer planet's orbit. The fit with the minimum
chi_{nu}^2 is dynamically unstable if the orbits are assumed to be coplanar.
However, the minimum is relatively shallow, and there is a wide range of fits
outside the minimum with reasonable chi_{nu}^2. For an assumed coplanar
inclination i = 30 deg. (sin i = 0.5), only good fits with both of the lowest
order, eccentricity-type mean-motion resonance variables at the 2:1
commensurability, theta_1 and theta_2, librating about 0 deg. are stable. For
sin i = 1, there are also some good fits with only theta_1 (involving the inner
planet's periapse longitude) librating that are stable for at least 10^8 years.
The libration semiamplitudes are about 6 deg. for theta_1 and 10 deg. for
theta_2 for the stable good fit with the smallest libration amplitudes of both
theta_1 and theta_2. We do not find any good fits that are non-resonant and
stable. Thus the two planets in the HD 82943 system are almost certainly in 2:1
mean-motion resonance, with at least theta_1 librating, and the observations
may even be consistent with small-amplitude librations of both theta_1 and
theta_2.Comment: 24 pages, including 10 figures; accepted for publication in Ap
Tracking Vector Magnetograms with the Magnetic Induction Equation
The differential affine velocity estimator (DAVE) developed in Schuck (2006)
for estimating velocities from line-of-sight magnetograms is modified to
directly incorporate horizontal magnetic fields to produce a differential
affine velocity estimator for vector magnetograms (DAVE4VM). The DAVE4VM's
performance is demonstrated on the synthetic data from the anelastic
pseudospectral ANMHD simulations that were used in the recent comparison of
velocity inversion techniques by Welsch (2007). The DAVE4VM predicts roughly
95% of the helicity rate and 75% of the power transmitted through the
simulation slice. Inter-comparison between DAVE4VM and DAVE and further
analysis of the DAVE method demonstrates that line-of-sight tracking methods
capture the shearing motion of magnetic footpoints but are insensitive to flux
emergence -- the velocities determined from line-of-sight methods are more
consistent with horizontal plasma velocities than with flux transport
velocities. These results suggest that previous studies that rely on velocities
determined from line-of-sight methods such as the DAVE or local correlation
tracking may substantially misrepresent the total helicity rates and power
through the photosphere.Comment: 30 pages, 13 figure
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