Electric-field control of magnetic domain wall motion and local magnetization reversal

Spintronic devices currently rely on magnetic switching or controlled motion of domain walls by an external magnetic field or spin-polarized current. Achieving the same degree of magnetic controllability using an electric field has potential advantages including enhanced functionality and low power consumption. Here, we report on an approach to electrically control local magnetic properties, including the writing and erasure of regular ferromagnetic domain patterns and the motion of magnetic domain walls, in multiferroic CoFe-BaTiO3 heterostructures. Our method is based on recurrent strain transfer from ferroelastic domains in ferroelectric media to continuous magnetostrictive films with negligible magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Optical polarization microscopy of both ferromagnetic and ferroelectric domain structures reveals that domain correlations and strong inter-ferroic domain wall pinning persist in an applied electric field. This leads to an unprecedented electric controllability over the ferromagnetic microstructure, an accomplishment that produces giant magnetoelectric coupling effects and opens the way to multiferroic spintronic devices.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Harmful and beneficial aspects of Parthenium hysterophorus: an update

Parthenium hysterophorus is a noxious weed in America, Asia, Africa and Australia. This weed is considered to be a cause of allergic respiratory problems, contact dermatitis, mutagenicity in human and livestock. Crop production is drastically reduced owing to its allelopathy. Also aggressive dominance of this weed threatens biodiversity. Eradication of P. hysterophorus by burning, chemical herbicides, eucalyptus oil and biological control by leaf-feeding beetle, stem-galling moth, stem-boring weevil and fungi have been carried out with variable degrees of success. Recently many innovative uses of this hitherto notorious plant have been discovered. Parthenium hysterophorus confers many health benefits, viz remedy for skin inflammation, rheumatic pain, diarrhoea, urinary tract infections, dysentery, malaria and neuralgia. Its prospect as nano-medicine is being carried out with some preliminary success so far. Removal of heavy metals and dye from the environment, eradication of aquatic weeds, use as substrate for commercial enzyme production, additives in cattle manure for biogas production, as biopesticide, as green manure and compost are to name a few of some other potentials. The active compounds responsible for hazardous properties have been summarized. The aim of this review article is to explore the problem P. hysterophorus poses as a weed, the effective control measures that can be implemented as well as to unravel the latent beneficial prospects of this weed

Reduction of Ash Content in Raw Coal Using Acids and Alkali

Ash, an inorganic matter present in coal is amenable for dissolution using suitable reagents. Thus the dissolution of ash and its subsequent removal reduces the release of many toxic elements into the environment by coal based industries. Removal of ash also enhances the calorific value. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to reduce the ash content of raw coal obtained from nearest thermal power by using hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. A series of leaching experiments were conducted on coal of different size fractions by varying the parameters like concentration, temperature and time of leaching. The results indicate that it is possible to remove nearly 75% of ash from coal sample by leaching

Peak Overshoot Analysis of On-Chip Interconnects for Different Technologies

As we extended from deep sub-micron technology to nanometer regimes, the conventional Cu wire will not be able to continue. So, substitute approaches such as Carbon Nano Tube (CNT) interconnects have been suggested to ignore the problems associated with global interconnects. Hence in this work, crosstalk analysis of CMOS buffer-driven of different interconnects have been analyzed for peak overshoot and overshoot width of Cu and CNTs for different technologies. For analyzing peak overshoot, we have varied the interconnect lengths from 100µm to 500µm for different technology nodes for Cu, SWCNT and MWCNT. The values of the peak overshoot and overshoot width changes, as the interconnect length increases, the peak overshoot and width is going to be increases. As Compared to Cu, SWCNT and MWCNT, the peak overshoot for SWCNT is lesser than copper and MWCNT. The MWCNT interconnect is less than that of conventional Copper interconnects

Waste Management System using Internet of things (IOT)

<p><i>The Internet of Things (IoT) has ushered in a new era where systems and activities are combining to offer streamlined workflows and quick task completion. This is the outcome of having access to so much power. The IOT aims to make data accessible to billions of people so they may use it and profit from it in a transparent and seamless manner across a variety of devices. It is challenging to develop a consistent framework for the Internet of Things due to the enormous variety of potential devices, communication layer systems, and services. Poor solid waste management has a severe influence on both the economy and environment of our society. The identification, monitoring, and control of wastes is one of the key concerns of the modern day. It takes a lot of time and energy to manually inspect garbage cans in the modern period, which is why we no longer do it. Our solution is a technology-based system that makes rubbish collection more efficient. Our IoT trash monitoring system is a state-of-the-art way to keep cities clean and secure.</i></p><p> </p&gt

IOT Based Fire Detection and Surveillance System

<p><i>The prevention of property loss due to fire accidents, both unintentional and intentional, requires the early detection of fire in homes. The ability to detect a fire can be crucial since it could be the difference between life and death. Because fires can start anywhere and at any moment, having a fire alarm system helps to keep your family safe. Some people do not believe that a fire alarm system is necessary. They simply think that they will be able to smell the fire and escape quickly. Nowadays, a house burns down in under 60 seconds on average. So, by the time you smell the fire and try to flee, the house has probably already been completely consumed by the fire. A network of connected and reachable objects is known as the Internet of Things (IoT). Any actual object, from a toaster to an automobile, can be referred to as a "Thing" in the Internet of Things. We can alter or gather data from these gadgets by connecting them to the internet. In this paper, we will employ a wide range of sensors to locate a fire and notify the watchman and emergency personnel of its location. It goes into great detail regarding the roles played by each module and how elaborately they are implemented. The use of IoT technology in relation to fire detection systems is also covered.</i></p&gt

Internet of Things (IoT) Based Engine Locking System

<p><i>The rapid development of technology and transportation is mostly due to population growth, which is also to blame for a number of accidents in our fast-paced society. There are many deaths as a result of inadequate crisis management. As a result, in this project, we aim to provide crisis administrations to the person who meets with an accident as soon as time permits. When a car is involved in an accident, the accelerometer immediately provides data to the Arduino, which then sends an alarm message to previously saved emergency contacts through the IOT-identified region. If the accident is not significant, the driver can silence the alarm by using a key fob at that point. This study emphasizes providing crisis aid as soon as possible to allow for future extension; we provide several applications, such as alcohol recognition and rest location discovery, among others.</i></p&gt

Design and Implementation of POSIT Based Adder and Multiplier in Verilog HDL

Due to recent developments, the POSIT number system, winch has been planned as a successor for numbers that are expressed in IEEE floating-point, which are in the focus of advances in arithmetic. Although this format claims to deliver more precise outcomes with the same bit width as ordinary floating point, the duration of the operation fluctuation during posit field identification poses a hardware design problem. The POSIT-based MAC Unit is created using Verilog HDL in this study, and the designed architecture is evaluated for good operation before being implemented on an FPGA using Xilinx Vivado