The Relationships Between Client Resistance and Attachment to Therapist in Psychotherapy

Through the lens of contemporary views on client resistance and attachment theory, which underpins the role of security in psychotherapy, the present study examines the relation between client resistance and client attachment to therapist. Forty-six clients and 19 therapists in long-term psychotherapy completed the Client Attachment to Therapist Scale and a therapist-reported questionnaire for client resistance, respectively, in three different times including the therapist’s summer holidays, so as to take into consideration the role of the therapist’s temporary absence as a real relationship component. Results indicate that resistance is negatively associated with clients’ secure attachment to their therapists, while it is positively associated with insecure attachment patterns. Also, holidays in psychotherapy were found to intervene in the interrelation between client’s resistive behaviors and attachment security. These preliminary findings indicate the interpersonal and statelike character of client resistance, a conceptual shift that augments clinical work as clients and their resistances are seen in more benevolent terms. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

Validating a multidimensional measure of wellbeing in Greece: Translation, factor structure, and measurement invariance of the PERMA Profiler

The aim of the present study was to create the Greek version of the PERMA Profiler questionnaire, which measures the five pillars of wellbeing: positive emotions, engagement, positive relationships, meaning in life, and accomplishment based on Seligman’s (2011) theory, and to examine its factor structure, measurement invariance, reliability, and convergent and discriminant validity using data from a lifespan sample of 2539 participants. We have tested two models of wellbeing through confirmatory factor analysis, but the first-order five-factor structure of the wellbeing was finally supported. The results also demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and test-retest reliability for the overall wellbeing items and for almost all wellbeing components. The Greek version of PERMA Profiler demonstrated good convergent validity with several wellbeing indices and discriminant validity with psychological symptoms and experiencing of negative emotions. Limitations, recommendations for future studies and the significance of using a multidimensional measure of wellbeing are discussed. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature