Illuminazione a LED degli ambienti di lavoro: analisi tecnico-economica della sostituzione di lampade fluorescenti lineari con LED Tube in uffici e laboratori universitari

Analisi del rischio da Radiazioni Ottiche Artificiali dei LED, valutazione del rispetto dei parametrici illuminotecnici in ambienti di lavoro universitari e valutazione tecnico economica della sostituzione di lampade fluorescenti lineari con lampade LE

The degree of joint range of motion limitations after burn injuries during recovery

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the degree of ROM limitations of extremities, joints and planes of motion after burns and its prevalence over time. Method: The database of a longitudinal multicenter cohort study in the Netherlands (2011–2012) was used. From patients with acute burns involving the neck, shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee and ankle joints that had surgery, ROM of 17 planes of motion was assessed by goniometry at 3, 6 weeks, 3–6–9 and 12 months after burns and at discharge. Results: At 12 months after injury, 12 out of 17 planes of motion demonstrated persistent joint limitations. The five unlimited planes of motion were all of the lower extremity. The most severely limited joints at 12 months were the neck, ankle, wrist and shoulder. The lower extremity was more severely limited in the early phase of recovery whereas at 12 months the upper extremity was more severely limited. Conclusion: The degree of ROM limitations and prevalence varied over time between extremities, joints and planes of motion. This study showed which joints and planes of motion should be watched specifically concerning the development of scar contracture

Gebitstoestand en mondgezondheid van basisschoolkinderen

De laatste decennia is er veel aandacht besteed aan het verbeteren van de gebitstoestand van basisschoolkinderen. Om een indruk te krijgen van de huidige stand van zaken met betrekking tot de gebitstoestand en de mondgezondheid is in de provincie Drenthe een onderzoek gedaan onder 1.147 kinderen van groep 2 en groep 8. Van de kinderen heeft 33% een niet-gaaf gebit en 13% heeft last van gingivitis. Het hoogste percentage niet-gave gebitten is te vinden onder kinderen uit de lage sociaaleconomische klasse en kinderen uit het speciaal onderwijs. Het blijkt dat deze kinderen minder vaak poetsen, later naar de tandarts gaan en vaker snoepen. De gebitstoestand van kinderen die een poetsinstructie hebben gehad is niet beter dan die van kinderen die geen poetsinstructie hebben gehad. Ook van de kinderen van wie de ouders voorlichting over mondgezondheid hebben gehad, is de gebitstoestand niet beter dan die van kinderen van wie de ouders geen voorlichting hebben gehad. Versch. in: Ned Tijdschr Tandheelkd 2005; 112: 358-362

Reliability of the Q Force; a mobile instrument for measuring isometric quadriceps muscle strength

BACKGROUND: The ability to generate muscle strength is a pre-requisite for all human movement. Decreased quadriceps muscle strength is frequently observed in older adults and is associated with a decreased performance and activity limitations. To quantify the quadriceps muscle strength and to monitor changes over time, instruments and procedures with a sufficient reliability are needed. The Q Force is an innovative mobile muscle strength measurement instrument suitable to measure in various degrees of extension. Measurements between 110 and 130° extension present the highest values and the most significant increase after training. The objective of this study is to determine the test-retest reliability of muscle strength measurements by the Q Force in older adults in 110° extension. METHODS: Forty-one healthy older adults, 13 males and 28 females were included in the study. Mean (SD) age was 81.9 (4.89) years. Isometric muscle strength of the Quadriceps muscle was assessed with the Q Force at 110° of knee extension. Participants were measured at two sessions with a three to eight day interval between sessions. To determine relative reliability, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated. To determine absolute reliability, Bland and Altman Limits of Agreement (LOA) were calculated and t-tests were performed. RESULTS: Relative reliability of the Q Force is good to excellent as all ICC coefficients are higher than 0.75. Generally a large 95 % LOA, reflecting only moderate absolute reliability, is found as exemplified for the peak torque left leg of -18.6 N to 33.8 N and the right leg of -9.2 N to 26.4 N was between 15.7 and 23.6 Newton representing 25.2 % to 39.9 % of the size of the mean. Small systematic differences in mean were found between measurement session 1 and 2. CONCLUSION: The present study shows that the Q Force has excellent relative test-retest reliability, but limited absolute test-retest reliability. Since the Q Force is relatively cheap and mobile it is suitable for application in various clinical settings, however, its capability to detect changes in muscle force over time is limited but comparable to existing instruments