6,977 research outputs found
Cosmological simulations with disformally coupled symmetron fields
We investigate statistical properties of the distribution of matter at
redshift zero in disformal gravity by using N-body simulations. The disformal
model studied here consists of a conformally coupled symmetron field with an
additional exponential disformal term. We conduct cosmological simulations to
discover the impact of the new disformal terms in the matter power spectrum,
halo mass function, and radial profile of the scalar field. We calculated the
disformal geodesic equation and the equation of motion for the scalar field. We
then implemented these equations into the N-body code ISIS, which is a modified
gravity version of the code RAMSES. The presence of a conformal symmetron field
increases both the power spectrum and mass function compared to standard
gravity on small scales. Our main finding is that the newly added disformal
terms tend to counteract these effects and can make the evolution slightly
closer to standard gravity. We finally show that the disformal terms give rise
to oscillations of the scalar field in the centre of the dark matter haloes.Comment: Updated version to reflect the journal accepted paper. Added one
figure. 7 pages, 7 figure
Very large scale structures in growing neutrino quintessence
A quintessence scalar field or cosmon interacting with neutrinos can have
important effects on cosmological structure formation. Within growing neutrino
models the coupling becomes effective only in recent times, when neutrinos
become non-relativistic, stopping the evolution of the cosmon. This can explain
why dark energy dominates the universe only in a rather recent epoch by
relating the present dark energy density to the small mass of neutrinos. Such
models predict the presence of stable neutrino lumps at supercluster scales
(~200 Mpc and bigger), caused by an attractive force between neutrinos which is
stronger than gravity and mediated by the cosmon. We present a method to follow
the initial non-linear formation of neutrino lumps in physical space, by
integrating numerically on a 3D grid non-linear evolution equations, until
virialization naturally occurs. As a first application, we show results for
cosmologies with final large neutrino average mass ~2 eV: in this case,
neutrino lumps indeed form and mimic very large cold dark matter structures,
with a typical gravitational potential 10^{-5} for a lump size ~10 Mpc, and
reaching larger values for lumps of about 200 Mpc. A rough estimate of the
cosmological gravitational potential at small k in the non-linear regime,
Phi_nu = 10^{-6} (k/k_0)^{-2}, 1.2x10^{-2} h/Mpc < k_0 < 7.8x10^{-2} h/Mpc,
turns out to be many orders of magnitude smaller than an extrapolation of the
linear evolution of density fluctuations. The size of the neutrino-induced
gravitational potential could modify the spectrum of CMB anisotropies for small
angular momenta.Comment: 17 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review D,
minor changes and correction
Momentum Space Regularizations and the Indeterminacy in the Schwinger Model
We revisited the problem of the presence of finite indeterminacies that
appear in the calculations of a Quantum Field Theory. We investigate the
occurrence of undetermined mathematical quantities in the evaluation of the
Schwinger model in several regularization scenarios. We show that the
undetermined character of the divergent part of the vacuum polarization tensor
of the model, introduced as an {\it ansatz} in previous works, can be obtained
mathematically if one introduces a set of two parameters in the evaluation of
these quantities. The formal mathematical properties of this tensor and their
violations are discussed. The analysis is carried out in both analytical and
sharp cutoff regularization procedures. We also show how the Pauli Villars
regularization scheme eliminates the indeterminacy, giving a gauge invariant
result in the vector Schwinger model.Comment: 10 pages, no figure
Phase Transition and Monopoles Densities in a Nearest Neighbors Two-Dimensional Spin Ice Model
In this work, we show that, due to the alternating orientation of the spins
in the ground state of the artificial square spin ice, the influence of a set
of spins at a certain distance of a reference spin decreases faster than the
expected result for the long range dipolar interaction, justifying the use of
the nearest neighbor two dimensional square spin ice model as an effective
model. Using an extension of the model presented in ref. [Scientific Reports 5,
15875 (2015)], considering the influence of the eight nearest neighbors of each
spin on the lattice, we analyze the thermodynamics of the model and study the
monopoles and string densities dependence as a function of the temperature.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figure
A generalization of the S-function method applied to a Duffing-Van der Pol forced oscillator
In [1,2] we have developed a method (we call it the S-function method) that
is successful in treating certain classes of rational second order ordinary
differential equations (rational 2ODEs) that are particularly `resistant' to
canonical Lie methods and to Darbouxian approaches. In this present paper, we
generalize the S-function method making it capable of dealing with a class of
elementary 2ODEs presenting elementary functions. Then, we apply this method to
a Duffing-Van der Pol forced oscillator, obtaining an entire class of first
integrals
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