A Numerical General Circulation Experiment for the Atmosphere of Mars

Numerical model for simulating general circulation of atmosphere of Mar

Variable angle photoelectron spectrometer

The design, construction, and performance of a spectrometer for measuring the angular and energy distributions of electrons photoejected by rare gas resonance light is described. Results using 584.4‐Å photons from a helium lamp are reported. Flexibility of instrumental design allows for the use of other light sources. A 180° hemispherical electrostatic electron energy analyzer is rotatable about the center of an enclosed sample chamber. The instrument is highly automated, with an on‐line computer used to control the detector angle and the data acquisition and reduction. This automation is required by the long and continuous data acquisition

On the design of an interactive biosphere for the GLAS general circulation model

Improving the realism and accuracy of the GLAS general circulation model (by adding an interactive biosphere that will simulate the transfers of latent and sensible heat from land surface to atmosphere as functions of the atmospheric conditions and the morphology and physiology of the vegetation) is proposed

In vivo effect of FK506 on human pancreatic islets

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vivo effect of FK506 on human pancreatic islets. Twenty-five nude mice were made diabetic by one intravenous injection of streptozotocin. Approximately 600 islets were administered in the renal subcapsular space 3-5 days following streptozotocin administration. One week after transplantation, the mice were divided in four groups. In group 1, the animals received 1 injection of 0.5 ml of diluent i.p. daily for one week. In groups 2, 3, and 4 the treatments were daily i.p. injection of 0.3, 1, and 3 mg/kg FK506, respectively. After treatment, the functional integrity of the transplanted human islets was tested by measuring the plasma glucose and human C-peptide response to intraperitoneal glucose injection in groups 1 and 4. IPGTT alone was assessed in groups 2 and 3. The results indicate that i.p. administration of FK506 for one week at a dose 0.3 mg/kg/day did not result in any significant alteration of glucose disappearance and C-peptide response to IPGTT. Higher doses of FK506 produced a significant delay in glucose disappearance in groups 3 and 4, and a significant inhibition of glucose-mediated C-peptide response in group 4. © 1991 by Williams and Wilkins

Anesthetics disrupt brain development via actions on the mTOR pathway

This work was supported by an ACCM StAAR Award and NIH 1R01GM120519-01 to C.D.M, NARSAD to E.K., a grant from the Chinese Scholarship Council to J.X.Non peer reviewedPublisher PD

Pancreatic islet transplantation after upper abdominal exeriteration and liver replacement

Nine patients who became diabetic after upper-abdominal exenteration and liver transplantation were given pancreatic islet-cell grafts obtained from the liver donor (eight cases), a third-party donor (one), or both (four). Two patients were diabetic when they died of infections after 48 and 109 days, as was a third patient who died of tumour recurrence after 178 days. The other 6 are alive 101-186 days postoperatively, and five are insulin-free or on insulin only during night-time parenteral alimentation. C-peptide increased 1·7 to 3·3 fold in response to intravenous glucose in these five patients who have had glycosylated haemoglobin in the high normal range. However, the kinetics of the C-peptide responses to intravenous glucose in all eight patients tested revealed an absent first-phase release and a delayed peak response consistent with transplantation and/or engraftment of a suboptimal islet cell mass. The longest survivor, who requires neither parenteral alimentation nor insulin, is the first unequivocal example of successful clinical islet-cell transplantation. © 1990