Discourses/2. Ireland: Listening to children's voices in Irish social work through cultural and organisational filters

This chapter is concerned with policy and legislation shifts regarding the welfare and education of children in Ireland. Ireland’s social services framework and pedagogical context will be critiqued regarding available space for children’s active involvement in educational decisions and life changes. With help of data collected through interviews with professionals and policy and documentary analysis, it will be assessed and reflected upon if and how self-determination of children is visible and heard within Irish practices in Early Education and Social Work. In particular, it is explored how the individualistic rights based approach to social work and education advanced by state legislation is intertwined with the construction of children as subordinates within the family. Policy driven pedagogy towards children’s active involvement will be explored. We will consider available space accessible to children, who are supported by professionals working closely interpreting policy shifts

Perinatal and psychosocial circumstances associated with risk of attempted suicide, non-suicidal self-injury and psychiatric service use: a longitudinal study of young people

<p>Background: Past studies using large population based datasets link certain perinatal circumstances (birth weight, parity, etc) with mental health outcomes such as suicide, self-harm and psychiatric problems. Problematically, population datasets omit a number of social confounds. The aim of this study is to replicate past research linking perinatal circumstances and mental health (suicidality and use of psychiatric services) and to determine if such associations remain after adjusting for social circumstances.</p> <p>Methods: A longitudinal school-based survey of 2157 young people (surveyed at age 11, 13, 15) followed up in early adulthood (age 19). At age 11 parents of participants provided information about perinatal circumstances (birth weight, birth complications, etc.) and psychiatric service use. Participants provided data about their mental health at age 15 (attempted suicide, suicidal thoughts) and at ages 19 (self-harm, psychiatric service use). In addition, data were collected about their social and psychosocial circumstances (gender, deprivation, religion, sexual behaviour, etc.).</p> <p>Results: Predictably, social factors were linked to mental health outcomes. For example, those with same sex partners were more likely (OR 4.84) to self-harm than those without a same sex partner. With a single exception, in both unadjusted and adjusted models, perinatal circumstances were not or only marginally associated with mental health outcomes. The exception was the number of birth complications; young people with two or more complications were approximately 2-3 times more likely than those without complications to use psychiatric services.</p> <p>Conclusions: While we failed to replicate results found using large population based datasets, some of our results are compatible with prior research findings. Further, evidence from this study supports the influence of perinatal circumstances (birth complications) on later psychiatric problems, or at least higher than expected contact with psychiatric service.</p&gt

Youth-Serving Organization Safety Risks and the Situational Prevention Approach

Children and young people are served by a wide range of organisations. Internally, attention has turned to the harms that have occurred in these organisations that should have prioritised the safety and wellbeing the children and young people it serves. In this chapter, we identify some of the risk factors associated with sexual abuse of children in youth-serving organizations, focusing on faith-based settings, early childhood education and schools, health care, out-of-home care, and youth sports. We outline key tenets of a situational prevention approach that identifies and safety risks to minimise or interrupt grooming behaviour, and help organizations focus their attention on ways of improving the safety of the organizational environment they provide for the young people they serve