Effect of dietary fibre on postprandial thermogenesis.

ABSTRACT The effect of fibre on postprandial thermogenesis was evaluated in seven healthy males (age 29.6 +/- 3.6 years, BMI 24.6 +/- 0.6 kg/m2) after they had ingested three isocaloric meals with different fibre contents: low fibre (Lfb) containing 8 g. dietary fibre; glucomannan (Glc), which was Lfb supplemented with 6 g glucomannan, a pectin-like fibre; and high fibre (Hfb) containing 26 g dietary fibre. Postprandial thermogenesis, evaluated for 6 h after the ingestion of food, was higher after the Lfb (82.3 +/- 5.4 kcal) than after the Hfb and Glc meals (69.4 +/- 6.8 and 61.4 +/- 8.4 kcal, respectively). Glucose and insulin responses were depressed over the first 2 h after the Hfb and Glc meals as compared to the Lfb meal. However, these differences disappeared when the whole 6 h postprandial period was considered. No major effects of the different fibre contents of the meals on postprandial triglyceride and FFA levels were detected. These results demonstrate that the fibre content of meals, besides the well known effect on energy intake, may also affect energy expenditure

Our Understanding of Transverse Instabilities and Mitigation Tools/Strategy

The observations of coherent instabilities are compared to the expectations based on the beam instability model. Their impact in the different phases of the LHC operation and the corresponding mitigation strategies are discussed, with an emphasis on the newly developed diagnostics

Towards global volunteer monitoring of odonate abundance

Insects are reportedly experiencing widespread declines, but we generally have sparse data on their abundance. Correcting this shortfall will take more effort than professional entomologists alone can manage. Volunteer nature enthusiasts can greatly help to monitor the abundance of dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata), iconic freshwater sentinels and one of the few nonpollinator insect groups appreciated by the public and amenable to citizen science. Although counting individual odonates is common in some locations, current data will not enable a global perspective on odonate abundance patterns and trends. Borrowing insight from butterfly monitoring efforts, we outline basic plans for a global volunteer network to count odonates, including organizational structure, advertising and recruiting, and data collection, submission, and synthesis. We hope our proposal serves as a catalyst for richer coordinated efforts to understand population trends of odonates and other insects in the Anthropocene