A SUMMARY OF THE LITERATURE ON SHIFT-SHARE ANALYSIS

Shift-share analysis is a method of decomposing regional income or employment growth patterns into expected (share) and differential (shift) components. Since its inception in the 1940s, over seventy academic contributions have criticized, defended, and extended the original concept. These contributions are summarized, and research needs for the future are identified.Community/Rural/Urban Development,

Astrophysical bounds on supersymmetric dark-matter Q-balls

Stable baryonic Q-balls, which appear in supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model, could form at the end of cosmological inflation from fragmentation of the Affleck -- Dine condensate. We reconsider astrophysical constraints on such Q-balls as dark matter candidates. Baryonic Q-balls interact with matter by absorbing the baryon number and, effectively, leading to a rapid baryon number non-conservation. We have recently shown that this process can occur at a much faster rate than that used in previous calculations. As a consequence, stability of neutron stars imposes a stringent constraint on the types of Q-balls that can be dark matter. Only the Q-balls that correspond to baryonic flat directions lifted by baryon-number violating operators are allowed as dark-matter candidates.Comment: 10 page

Supersymmetric dark-matter Q-balls and their interactions in matter

Supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model contain non-topological solitons, Q-balls, which can be stable and can be a form of cosmological dark matter. Understanding the interaction of SUSY Q-balls with matter fermions is important for both astrophysical limits and laboratory searches for these dark matter candidates. We show that a baryon scattering off a baryonic SUSY Q-ball can convert into its antiparticle with a high probability, while the baryon number of the Q-ball is increased by two units. For a SUSY Q-ball interacting with matter, this process dominates over those previously discussed in the literature.Comment: 12 page

Resisting aggression : Graphic re-presentations for other bodies

These chapters consider how art can provide a space for wider critical debate on established patriarchal power relations, which have operated in Western culture since the Enlightenment period. As a female artist, I want to explore the space in art of both the female body and the community body. This work seeks to position the female body within the form of her subjectivity, to destabilize patriarchal strongholds through the displacement of the traditionally aestheticised female nude”. That is, I examine the (historicized) notion of a “subject” and the representation of an object”, and understand the female nude” as a representation of patriarchal dominance to this day. I use my art work: of women to explore recent feminist theory that investigates these historicized notions, hoping to present images that critique rather than wholly participate in the tradition of objectifying women without question. Ultimately, I move to a broader field, to incorporate an idea of a community body that is embracing of those bodies culturally precluded from subjective empowerment. My attention is specifically focused on the remediation of the once derelict land and polluted waterways of East Perth, to the pristine condition of what is now an exclusive corporate and residential site. I intend to address my art to the many marginalized bodies, traditionally and presently obstructed from subjective representation within our Western culture. In bringing both bodies together, my art aims to help disrupt the patriarch from his central subjective stronghold. Chapter 1 explores the (assumed) privileged gaze of the Western male artist (and my own naive participation in this practice). which transforms the deformed physical matter” of women into the iconic , conceptual form of the patriarch\u27s Woman . Chapter 2 examines the space for a female voice that recent psychoanalytic theory evokes in challenging the conventions of patriarchy. At this point in particular, my praxis seeks to reflect this emergence for women, as reconnections to the matter of the maternal body are made. Chapter 3 investigates how feminist theory resists the patriarchal icon for female beauty (in the classical nude ), through its representation of new bodily images and identities for women. Subsequently, I journey in my visual practice in responding to this resistance , and focus specifically on the feminist notion of ambiguity for female self-expression, as a means to subversively obstructing patriarchal hegemony. Chapter 4 articulates the significance of desire for women in their discovery of themselves at an intimate level, without the intervention of masculine visual penetration. I represent this intimacy (this divinity for women), through tactile qualities in my practice, which serve to connect women to themselves, whilst interrupting the penetration of the patriarchal gaze. Finally, Chapter 5 shows how the resistance and corporeality of the female body comes to symbolize the existence of the “community body that works to reclaim a presence (a place of domicile) within the redeveloped site of East Perth

A resistive-capacitive model of pile heat exchangers with an application to thermal response tests interpretation

Pile Heat Exchangers (PHE) are an attractive solution to reduce both costs and greenhouse gas emissions for new buildings. However, most state-or-the-art PHE thermal models overlook the heat capacitance of the pile concrete, which is known to be important in thermal analysis. A semi-analytical (SA) model accounting for the pile concrete inertia is developed and validated against a finite-element code. Analysis shows that accounting for PHE inertia always leads to higher performances compared to purely resistive models. Application of the model to interpretation of thermal response tests data allows estimates to be made of the minimum duration test required to obtain reliable values of ground and concrete conductivities

Understanding why farmers change their farming practices : the role of orienting principles in technology transfer

This report presents results from a qualitative study of sheep, beef and dairy farmers in the Temuka, Geraldine area of the South Island, New Zealand. Farmers' accounts of their farming practices, and how they decide to adopt, or not adopt, innovations are analysed to highlight the key orienting principles that guide their decision making. Farmers in each type of production have different orientations to innovation, in large part reflecting the nature of the industry in which they are located. Sheep and beef farmers emphasise profitability and the need to control risk and to farm safely. Dairy farmers emphasise increasing production, increasing efficiency and control by monitoring production. The results are important for alerting researchers and educationalists to the farmers' point of view in the development of effective extension.Funding for this research was received from the Foundation for Research, Science and Technology. The Lotteries Board supported the research by providing technical equipment. The former New Zealand Institute for Social Research and Development initiated this project and it was continued by the AERU in November, 1994