Thermodynamics of condensed matter with strong pressure-energy correlations

We show that for any liquid or solid with strong correlation between its $NVT$ virial and potential-energy equilibrium fluctuations, the temperature is a product of a function of excess entropy per particle and a function of density, $T=f(s)h(\rho)$. This implies that 1) the system's isomorphs (curves in the phase diagram of invariant structure and dynamics) are described by $h(\rho)/T={\rm Const.}$, 2) the density-scaling exponent is a function of density only, 3) a Gr{\"u}neisen-type equation of state applies for the configurational degrees of freedom. For strongly correlating atomic systems one has $h(\rho)=\sum_nC_n\rho^{n/3}$ in which the only non-zero terms are those appearing in the pair potential expanded as $v(r)=\sum_n v_n r^{-n}$. Molecular dynamics simulations of Lennard-Jones type systems confirm the theory

Analysing Political Biases in Danish Newspapers Using Sentiment Analysis

Traditionally, the evaluation of political biases in Danish newspapers has been carried out throughhighly subjective methods. The conventional approach has been surveys asking samples of thepopulation to place various newspapers on the political spectrum, coupled with analysing votinghabits of the newspapers’ readers (Hjarvard, 2007). This paper seeks to examine whether it ispossible to use sentiment analysis to objectively assess political biases in Danish newspapers. Byusing the sentiment dictionary AFINN (Nielsen et al., 2011), the mean sentiment scores for 360articles was calculated. The articles were published in the Danish newspapers Berlingske andInformation and were all regarding the political parties Alternativet and Liberal Alliance. Asignificant interaction effect between the parties and newspapers was discovered. This effect wasmainly driven by Information’s coverage of the two parties. Moreover, Berlingske was found topublish a disproportionately greater number of articles concerning Liberal Alliance thanAlternativet. Based on these findings, an integration of sentiment analysis into the evaluation ofbiases in news outlets is proposed. Furthermore, future studies are suggested to construct datasetsfor evaluation of AFINN on news and to utilize web-mining methods to gather greater amounts ofdata in order to analyse more parties and newspapers

Fluctuations and scaling in creep deformation

The spatial fluctuations of deformation are studied in creep in the Andrade's power-law and the logarithmic phases, using paper samples. Measurements by the Digital Image Correlation technique show that the relative strength of the strain rate fluctuations increases with time, in both creep regimes. In the Andrade creep phase characterized by a power law decay of the strain rate $\epsilon_t \sim t^{-\theta}$, with $\theta \approx 0.7$, the fluctuations obey $\Delta \epsilon_t \sim t^{-\gamma}$, with $\gamma \approx 0.5$. The local deformation follows a data collapse appropriate for an absorbing state/depinning transition. Similar behavior is found in a crystal plasticity model, with a jamming or yielding phase transition

Estimating the density-scaling exponent of a monatomic liquid from its pair potential

This paper investigates two conjectures for calculating the density dependence of the density-scaling exponent of a single-component, pair-potential liquid with strong virial potential-energy correlations. The first conjecture gives an analytical expression for the density-scaling exponent directly in terms of the pair potential. The second conjecture is a refined version of this, which involves the most likely nearest-neighbor distance determined from the pair-correlation function. The two conjectures for the density-scaling exponent are tested by simulations of three systems, one of which is the standard Lennard-Jones liquid. While both expressions give qualitatively correct results, the second expression is more accurate

Entanglement-enhanced quantum rectification

Quantum mechanics dictates the band-structure of materials that is essential for functional electronic components. With increased miniaturization of devices it becomes possible to exploit the full potential of quantum mechanics through the principles of superpositions and entanglement. We propose a new class of quantum rectifiers that can leverage entanglement to dramatically increase performance by coupling two small spin chains through an effective double-slit interface. Simulations show that rectification is enhanced by several orders of magnitude even in small systems and should be realizable using several of the quantum technology platforms currently available.Comment: 5+15 pages, 3+6 figure