Solving Harmonics Elimination Problem in Three-Phase Voltage controlled Inverter using Artificial Neural Networks

A novel concept of application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for generating the optimum switching functions for the voltage and harmonic control of DC-to-AC bridge inverters is presented. In many research, the neural network is trained off line using the desired switching angles given by the classic harmonic elimination strategy to any value of the modulation index. This limits the utilisability and the precision in other modulation index values. In order to avoid this problem, a new training algorithm is developed without using the desired switching angles but it uses the desired solution of the elimination harmonic equation, i.e. first harmonics are equal to zero. Theoretical analysis of the proposed solving algorithm with neural networks is provided, and simulation results are given to show the high performance and technical advantages of the developed modulator

Procédé de retransmission à redondance incrémentale adapté aux paquets IP fragmentés

Le problème traité concerne l'optimisation des performances au niveau de la couche réseau (couche 3 de l'OSI) dans le cadre des transmissions sans fil lorsque l'adaptation à la couche accès radio (couches 1 et 2 de l'OSI) nécessite une fragmentation du paquet de la couche 3. L'originalité du travail réside dans l'intégration et l'adaptation du concept de schéma d'ARQ hybride basé sur la redondance incrémentale à la méthode décrite dans [1] qui prend en compte le fait que les paquets de la couche 3 doivent être fragmentés. Il constitue une approche d'optimisation inter-couches. Le premier résultat important est que les performances obtenues par notre solution sont toujours supérieures aux méthodes conventionnelles de l'état de l'art. De plus, nous démontrons deux résultats analytiques qui sont étayés par des simulations

Precision Glycodendrimers for DC-SIGN Targeting**

Multivalent ligands of the C-type lectin receptor DC-SIGN have emerged as effective antiadhesive agents against various pathogens. Some years ago, we described a hexavalent DC-SIGN ligand, Polyman-26, designed to bridge two of the four binding sites displayed by the receptor. In this work, we present our efforts to accomplish simultaneous coordination of all four carbohydrate binding sites of DC-SIGN through the synthesis of cross-shaped glycodendrimers. The tailored rigid scaffold allowed multivalent presentation of glycomimetics in a spatially defined fashion, while providing good water solubility to the constructs. Evaluation of the biological activity by SPR assays revealed strong binding avidity towards DC-SIGN and increased selectivity over langerin. Inhibition of DC-SIGN binding to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and of DC-SIGN mediated Ebola virus trans-infection testifies for the glycodendrimers potential application in infection diseases. The tetravalent platform described here is easily accessible and can be used in modular fashion with different ligands, thus lending itself to multiple applications

Transfer of Minibeam Radiation Therapy into a cost-effective equipment for radiobiological studies: a proof of concept

Abstract Minibeam radiation therapy (MBRT) is an innovative synchrotron radiotherapy technique able to shift the normal tissue complication probability curves to significantly higher doses. However, its exploration was hindered due to the limited and expensive beamtime at synchrotrons. The aim of this work was to develop a cost-effective equipment to perform systematic radiobiological studies in view of MBRT. Tumor control for various tumor entities will be addressable as well as studies to unravel the distinct biological mechanisms involved in normal and tumor tissues responses when applying MBRT. With that aim, a series of modifications of a small animal irradiator were performed to make it suitable for MBRT experiments. In addition, the brains of two groups of rats were irradiated. Half of the animals received a standard irradiation, the other half, MBRT. The animals were followed-up for 6.5 months. Substantial brain damage was observed in the group receiving standard RT, in contrast to the MBRT group, where no significant lesions were observed. This work proves the feasibility of the transfer of MBRT outside synchrotron sources towards a small animal irradiator

ZRANB2 and SYF2-mediated splicing programs converging on ECT2 are involved in breast cancer cell resistance to doxorubicin.

Besides analyses of specific alternative splicing (AS) variants, little is known about AS regulatory pathways and programs involved in anticancer drug resistance. Doxorubicin is widely used in breast cancer chemotherapy. Here, we identified 1723 AS events and 41 splicing factors regulated in a breast cancer cell model of acquired resistance to doxorubicin. An RNAi screen on splicing factors identified the little studied ZRANB2 and SYF2, whose depletion partially reversed doxorubicin resistance. By RNAi and RNA-seq in resistant cells, we found that the AS programs controlled by ZRANB2 and SYF2 were enriched in resistance-associated AS events, and converged on the ECT2 splice variant including exon 5 (ECT2-Ex5+). Both ZRANB2 and SYF2 were found associated with ECT2 pre-messenger RNA, and ECT2-Ex5+ isoform depletion reduced doxorubicin resistance. Following doxorubicin treatment, resistant cells accumulated in S phase, which partially depended on ZRANB2, SYF2 and the ECT2-Ex5+ isoform. Finally, doxorubicin combination with an oligonucleotide inhibiting ECT2-Ex5 inclusion reduced doxorubicin-resistant tumor growth in mouse xenografts, and high ECT2-Ex5 inclusion levels were associated with bad prognosis in breast cancer treated with chemotherapy. Altogether, our data identify AS programs controlled by ZRANB2 and SYF2 and converging on ECT2, that participate to breast cancer cell resistance to doxorubicin