Desynchronization of Diurnal Rhythms in Bipolar Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder

It has long been proposed that diurnal rhythms are disturbed in bipolar disorder (BD). Such changes are obvious in episodes of mania or depression. However, detailed study of patients between episodes has been rare and comparison with other psychiatric disorders rarer still. Our hypothesis was that evidence for desynchronization of diurnal rhythms would be evident in BD and that we could test the specificity of any effect by studying borderline personality disorder (BPD). Individuals with BD (n = 36), BPD (n = 22) and healthy volunteers (HC, n = 25) wore a portable heart rate and actigraphy device and used a smart-phone to record self-assessed mood scores 10 times per day for 1 week. Average diurnal patterns of heart rate (HR), activity and sleep were compared within and across groups. Desynchronization in the phase of diurnal rhythms of HR compared with activity were found in BPD (+3 h) and BD (+1 h), but not in HC. A clear diurnal pattern for positive mood was found in all subject groups. The coherence between negative and irritable mood and HR showed a four-cycle per day component in BD and BPD, which was not present in HC. The findings highlight marked de-synchronisation of measured diurnal function in both BD but particularly BPD and suggest an increased association with negative and irritable mood at ultradian frequencies. These findings enhance our understanding of the underlying physiological changes associated with BPD and BD, and suggest objective markers for monitoring and potential treatment targets. Improved mood stabilisation is a translational objective for management of both patient groups

Intrathecal Immunoglobulin for treatment of adult patients with tetanus: A randomized controlled 2x2 factorial trial [version 2; referees: 2 approved]

Despite long-standing availability of an effective vaccine, tetanus remains a significant problem in many countries. Outcome depends on access to mechanical ventilation and intensive care facilities and in settings where these are limited, mortality remains high. Administration of tetanus antitoxin by the intramuscular route is recommended treatment for tetanus, but as the tetanus toxin acts within the central nervous system, it has been suggested that intrathecal administration of antitoxin may be beneficial. Previous studies have indicated benefit, but with the exception of one small trial no blinded studies have been performed. The objective of this study is to establish whether the addition of intrathecal tetanus antitoxin reduces the need for mechanical ventilation in patients with tetanus. Secondary objectives: to determine whether the addition of intrathecal tetanus antitoxin reduces autonomic nervous system dysfunction and length of hospital/ intensive care unit stay; whether the addition of intrathecal tetanus antitoxin in the treatment of tetanus is safe and cost-effective; to provide data to inform recommendation of human rather than equine antitoxin. This study will enroll adult patients (≥16 years old) with tetanus admitted to the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City. The study is a 2x2 factorial blinded randomized controlled trial. Eligible patients will be randomized in a 1:1:1:1 manner to the four treatment arms (intrathecal treatment and human intramuscular treatment, intrathecal treatment and equine intramuscular treatment, sham procedure and human intramuscular treatment, sham procedure and equine intramuscular treatment). Primary outcome measure will be requirement for mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcome measures: duration of hospital/ intensive care unit stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, in-hospital and 240-day mortality and disability, new antibiotic prescription, incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia and autonomic nervous system dysfunction, total dose of benzodiazepines and pipecuronium, and incidence of adverse events. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02999815 Registration date: 21 December 201

Improving Quality of Machine Translation Combining Solutions of Creating Corpora for Machine Translation Evaluation in Vietnamese

Evaluation and improvement ofmachine translation quality, particularly in Vietnamese becomeincreasingly urgent, because the curent machine translation quality is too low compared to the actual requirements of the integration period and \"flat world.\" Currently there are many methods and scale to evaluate quality of machine translation systems, but the evaluation process does not contribute data to helping improve the system quality.The quality of machine translation systems highly depends on the data resources serving them in two aspects: quality and quantity. In this paper, we will propose measures to combine improving quality of machine translation and measures to create corpora for machine translation evaluation in Vietnamese

Researching and Building an Environment for Managing and Accessing Resources for Vietnamese and Ethnic Minority Language Processing

Nowadays, processing Vietnamese and ethnic minority languages is an urgent and interesting issue for many organizations and individuals. However, the resources which are available to the research of processing Vietnamese language as well as some languages of minorities were stored in a discrete way. This is the reason why the exploitation and the inheritance of these resources meet a lot of difficulties. Therefore, the paper proposes some measures to improve the situation. They are collecting and constructing a centralized system of scientific documents on this field; merging them in order to create the bigger resources and constructing the service – oriented architecture system which allows users to access and exploit the tools of processing Vietnamese and minority languages effectively

Semantic Oriented Extension for Machine Translation Corpora

Corpora play a crucial role in the development and improvement of automatic translation systems. There are currently many corpora used in the machine translation (MT) domain. However, exploiting and using these corpora are still challenging and limited because of some reasons, of which the main reason is that most corpora are in terms of raw texts or linked to other different kinds of data such as audio, images, graphs.... But they are not organized into semantic layers. Therefore, in this paper, we want to propose an idea of extending and enlarging corpora by adding to them a semantic layer so that the performance of corpus exploitation systems will be much improved

A Semantic Web System for Vietnamese Laws

Laws play an especially important role in social life. However, the current systems of consulting laws in Vietnam are still incomplete, so they can't meet the needs of users. In this paper, we propose an idea on building a complete system for looking up Vietnamese laws, which supports not only the functions for consulting and search of laws, but also allows itsefl to act as an e-learning system assisting students to study, learn and take online multiple choice tests of law. This system can also act as a forum supporting those who are interested in sharing and exchanging information concerning Vietnamese laws

Collecting And Building An Vietnamese Abbreviation Database

Vietnamese abbreviations increase very Fast, diversify in forms and some of them have multiple meanings. This poses a problem for readers to recognize abbreviations or to understand the relevant meaning in some situation. However, we currently can't still find out a system of Vietnamese abbreviation consultation. To have such a system, the first step we should build a Vietnamese abbreviation database. In this paper, we focus on the research of acquiring Vietnamese abbreviations from documents and the internet to build an abbreviation database. From this database, we aim to propose an online system of abbreviation management and consultation as well as a “hooked” software (like Vietkey) supporting autotext when typing

Teamwork 101

157 tr. ; 21 cm

Làm giàu trong nền kinh tế tri thức = Building wealth :the new rules for individuals, companies and nations ina knowledge-based economy

359 tr. ; 21 c