47 research outputs found
Ethics, Nanobiosensors and Elite Sport: The Need for a New Governance Framework
Individual athletes, coaches and sports teams seek continuously for ways to improve performance and accomplishment in elite competition. New techniques of performance analysis are a crucial part of the drive for athletic perfection. This paper discusses the ethical importance of one aspect of the future potential of performance analysis in sport, combining the field of biomedicine, sports engineering and nanotechnology in the form of ‘Nanobiosensors’. This innovative technology has the potential to revolutionise sport, enabling real time biological data to be collected from athletes that can be electronically distributed. Enabling precise real time performance analysis is not without ethical problems. Arguments concerning (1) data ownership and privacy; (2) data confidentiality; and (3) athlete welfare are presented alongside a discussion of the use of the Precautionary Principle in making ethical evaluations. We conclude, that although the future potential use of Nanobiosensors in sports analysis offers many potential benefits, there is also a fear that it could be abused at a sporting system level. Hence, it is essential for sporting bodies to consider the development of a robust ethically informed governance framework in advance of their proliferated use
Schuldig landschap. Over de toeristische aantrekkingskracht van Baantjer, Wallander en Inspector Morse
De opnamelokaties van tv-detectives genieten een toenemende populariteit onder toeristen. In dit artikel wordt, op basis van een tekstuele analyse van ‘Baantjer’, ‘Inspector Morse’ en ‘Wallander’, onderzocht welke inhoudelijke kenmerken van deze tv-detectives mogelijk als ‘trigger’ fungeren. Uit de analyse blijkt dat plaats en beweging een centrale rol vervullen binnen de narratieve structuur van dit genre. Door zelf de lokaties te bezoeken, kunnen toeristen het spoor nalopen van hun geliefde detective om aldaar, vanuit een veilige positie, tijdelijk op te gaan in het schemergebied tussen fictie en werkelijkheid
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The many kinds of sexual abuse of young children
One of the reasons why we understand relatively little about the sexual abuse of pre-pubertal children is that we think and speak about child sexual abuse as if it were one thing; as if all episodes of sexual abuse of a young child followed the same pattern, were prompted by the same motivations, and led to the same consequences. Rather, there are several distinct kinds of sexual abuse perpetrated against pre-pubertal children. Child sexual abuse varies by feature of event, the experience of the child, the duration of the abuse, the age of the child, the circumstances under which the abuse takes place, and the effects of the abuse on the child and the family. This more precisely specify knowledge about child sexual abuse resides in police files, in the notes of service organisations, in whispered disclosures between friends and family, and in the memories of children and perpetrators. Little of this knowledge has made its way into formal scholarly discourse, and little of this knowledge currently informal theory or recommended practice in South Africa.
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Commercial sexual exploitation and trafficking of children
In this chapter the authors argue that both commercial sexual exploitation if children and trafficking in children are significant and growing problems in southern Africa. Although sex tourism is one aspect of this problem, the underlying causes of the sexual exploitation of children are firmly embedded in social inequalities, corruption, gender discrimination, cheap labour practices and poor educational opportunities. Worsening poverty among especially vulnerable families and communities affected by HIV/AIDS, and the increasing adult mortality associated with AIDS-illness, are creating, potentially very dangerous situation for children. Under these conditions, children prematurely engage in livelihood activities, most in demand and lucrative if which is sex.
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Access to specialist services and the criminal justice system: data from the Teddy Bear Clinic
This chapter begins by describing the population that makes use of the services of the Teddy Bear Clinic in Gauteng, South Africa. This clinic is regarded by many experts in the field as a leading service provider in the country. With three sites in different parts of the province, the clinic draws its clients from a broad section of the general population. Particular patterns of service uptake with respect to children's age, gender, racial background and the nature of the offence are discussed. Most particularly, this chapter seeks to draw attention to a sizable and especially vulnerable subgroup of children for whom access to he criminal justice system is particularly challenging, namely physically and mentally disabled children.
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Responses to gender-based violence in schools
This chapter presents the findings of two recent studies conducted by the Human Sciences Research Council on school responses to gender-based violence. Both of these studies were designed to explore the social dynamics and structures within schools in order to understand the factors that contribute to gender-based violence in schools, and the capacity of schools to respond adequately to the problem. A deeper understanding of the struggle that schools have in meeting the challenges of child protection is needed if appropriate programmatic interventions are to be designed and implemented within the South African context.
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Care as vocation and occupation
the most important policy for socially equitable development is full employment. The unemployed are not just a statistic or an underutilized resource that could have increased gross domestic product. They are people, and no numbers can convey the degree of disruption that unemployment brings to their lives, their livelihoods, and the well-being of their families. Although safety nets and targeted assistance may mitigate some of the consequences of unemployment, from an economic, political, or psychological perspective, nothing is better than a job. Jobs are the means by which people participate in the productive economy and feel productive themselves. It is one of the most important sources of inclusion in the national economy
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Are we any closer to solutions?
This chapter deals with the conclusions of all the chapters in the book and ask the question if we are any closer to solutions with regards to sexual abuse of pre-pubescent children