An Evaluation of Biocontrol Agents Against Sugarcane Lesion Nematode, Pratylenchus Zeae

Field experiments were conducted at Sugarcane Research Station, to find out the field efficacy of ecofriendly management of lesion nematode, Pratylenchus zeae in sugarcane.  The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with thirteen treatments replicated three times.  The initial nematode population was assessed prior to planting by analysing the soil samples.  Soil samples were collected on 90, 180, 270 and 360 days after planting the cane.  The soil samples were processed and analyzed for nematode population.  The germination percentage was counted on 35 days after planting.  The tiller count was taken up on 90 days after planting.  Cane samples were collected on 10th month and analyzed the juice for commercial cane sugar percentage.  The pooled analysis of the two years, main and ratoon crop data revealed significant reduction in the population of lesion nematode, Pratylenchus zeae in sugarcane plants treated with Carbofuran 3G 1kg a.i/ha followed by neem cake @ 2t/ha and Purpureocillium lilacinum 2.5kg/ha. Significant reduction in nematode population was observed upto harvest of the crop.  The above treatment also significantly enhanced the cane yield.  The treatment Carbofuran @ 1kg a.i/ha, neem cake 2t/ha and Purpureocillium lilacinum 2.5kg/ha resulted 79.87, 77.65 and 75.94 percent reduction in lesion nematode population over control.  The above treatments also enhanced the no. of millable cane/ha, cane yield, sugar yield, commercial cane sugar and benefit cost ratio.  The cost benefit ratio worked out for the treatments Carbofuran @ 1kg a.i/ha, neem cake 2t/ha and Purpureocillium lilacinum resulted 1:2.89, 1:2.66 and 1:2.58 respectively

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Not AvailableIt is concluded that rice fallow sesame needs soil disturbance either in the form of reduced or conventional tillage with aminimum of 50% recommended doseof fertilizer forincreasing the sesame productivity. However, neither the tillage practices, nor the fertilizer doses, havebeen enough against a low productivity of rice fallow sesame and additional research is necessary to manage the soil physical properties to build the rice fallow sesame crop.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableRice fallow sesame in the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha and to a limited extent in eastern Indian states, is an opportunity for horizontal expansion of sesame area and its production in the country. The productivity of sesame remains abysmally low as compared to the world average and research efforts needs to be focused to enhance the productivity of this crop which has a huge potential for export. Unlike rice fallow pulses cultivation, sesame cultivation needs concerted efforts to enhance its productivity in rice fallows. This review critically appraises the rice fallow environments in general, determinants of sesame production in this fragile environment and efforts needed for the successful area expansion of sesame crop in the countrNot Availabl

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Novel and potent oxazolidinone antibacterials featuring 3-indolylglyoxamide substituents

Novel oxazolidinone antibacterials bearing a variety of 3-indolylglyoxamide substituents have been explored in an effort to improve the spectrum and potency of this class of agents. A subclass of this series was also made with the diversity at C-5 terminus. These derivatives have been screened against a panel of clinically relevant Gram-positive pathogens and fastidious Gram-negative organisms. Several analogs in this series were identified with in vitro activity superior to linezolid (MIC = 0.25-2 μg/mL). Compounds 10a, 10c, 10e and 10f displayed activity against linezolid resistant Gram-positive organisms (MIC = 2-4 μg/mL). Selected oxazolidinones were evaluated for in vivo efficacy against a mouse systemic infection model