The BINGO Project IX: Search for Fast Radio Bursts -- A Forecast for the BINGO Interferometry System

The Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) from Integrated Neutral Gas Observations (BINGO) radio telescope will use the neutral Hydrogen emission line to map the Universe in the redshift range $0.127 \le z \le 0.449$, with the main goal of probing BAO. In addition, the instrument optical design and hardware configuration support the search for Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs). In this work, we propose the use of a BINGO Interferometry System (BIS) including new auxiliary, smaller, radio telescopes (hereafter \emph{outriggers}). The interferometric approach makes it possible to pinpoint the FRB sources in the sky. We present here the results of several BIS configurations combining BINGO horns with and without mirrors ($4$ m, $5$ m, and $6$ m) and 5, 7, 9, or 10 for single horns. We developed a new {\tt Python} package, the {\tt FRBlip}, which generates synthetic FRB mock catalogs and computes, based on a telescope model, the observed signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) that we used to compute numerically the detection rates of the telescopes and how many interferometry pairs of telescopes (\emph{baselines}) can observe an FRB. FRBs observed by more than one baseline are the ones whose location can be determined. We thus evaluate the performance of BIS regarding FRB localization. We found that BIS will be able to localize 23 FRBs yearly with single horn outriggers in the best configuration (using 10 outriggers of 6 m mirrors), with redshift $z \leq 0.96$; the full localization capability depends on the number and the type of the outriggers. Wider beams are best to pinpoint FRB sources because potential candidates will be observed by more baselines, while narrow beams look deep in redshift. The BIS can be a powerful extension of the regular BINGO telescope, dedicated to observe hundreds of FRBs during Phase 1. Many of them will be well localized with a single horn + 6 m dish as outriggers.(Abridged)Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, submitted to A&

O Varroa destructor e suas implicações nas abelhas Apis melliferas.

Com o passar dos anos, o franco desenvolvimento e evolução do sistema alimentar tem garantido o acesso à alimentação básica em todo o planeta e a apicultura tem exercido papel-chave neste processo. Por conta da polinização de plantações agrícolas e também do fornecimento de produtos derivados do mel, as abelhas têm sido cada vez mais estudadas na área de sistemas agroindustriais para que se garanta a sobrevivência e produtividade de suas colônias. Atualmente um dos principais desafios para garantir a saúde das colônias é o enfrentamento do ectoparasita Varroa destructor. Este ácaro tem sido o principal vilão para as abelhas melíferas ocidentais por conta de suas características parasitárias, seu ciclo de reprodução e principalmente por ser vetor de transmissão de diversas doenças. Os apicultores utilizam diversas técnicas e práticas para redução ou erradicação de ácaros, como métodos apícolas biotécnicas, acaricidas sintéticos e acaricidas orgânicos ou suaves, e novos desafios surgem de acordo com a abordagem escolhida para o tratamento. São frequentes os relatos de contaminação do mel, exposição das abelhas a acaricidas em doses subletais, evolução genética dos ácaros a determinados acaricidas, entre outras adversidades. A continuidade de estudos de campo e laboratoriais são determinantes para que as práticas dos apicultores quanto ao enfrentamento ao Varroa seja efetivo e não produza efeitos colaterais a longo ou a curto prazo

Mutational signature in colorectal cancer caused by genotoxic pks⁺ E. coli

Various species of the intestinal microbiota have been associated with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) but it has not been demonstrated that bacteria have a direct role in the occurrence of oncogenic mutations. Escherichia coli can carry the pathogenicity island pks, which encodes a set of enzymes that synthesize colibactin. This compound is believed to alkylate DNA on adenine residues and induces double-strand breaks in cultured cells. Here we expose human intestinal organoids to genotoxic pks+ E. coli by repeated luminal injection over five months. Whole-genome sequencing of clonal organoids before and after this exposure revealed a distinct mutational signature that was absent from organoids injected with isogenic pks-mutant bacteria. The same mutational signature was detected in a subset of 5,876 human cancer genomes from two independent cohorts, predominantly in CRC. Our study describes a distinct mutational signature in CRC and implies that the underlying mutational process results directly from past exposure to bacteria carrying the colibactin-producing pks pathogenicity island

Dynamic single-cell RNA sequencing identifies immunotherapy persister cells following PD-1 blockade.

Resistance to oncogene-targeted therapies involves discrete drug-tolerant persister cells, originally discovered through in vitro assays. Whether a similar phenomenon limits efficacy of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) blockade is poorly understood. Here, we performed dynamic single-cell RNA-Seq of murine organotypic tumor spheroids undergoing PD-1 blockade, identifying a discrete subpopulation of immunotherapy persister cells (IPCs) that resisted CD8+ T cell-mediated killing. These cells expressed Snai1 and stem cell antigen 1 (Sca-1) and exhibited hybrid epithelial-mesenchymal features characteristic of a stem cell-like state. IPCs were expanded by IL-6 but were vulnerable to TNF-α-induced cytotoxicity, relying on baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 (Birc2) and Birc3 as survival factors. Combining PD-1 blockade with Birc2/3 antagonism in mice reduced IPCs and enhanced tumor cell killing in vivo, resulting in durable responsiveness that matched TNF cytotoxicity thresholds in vitro. Together, these data demonstrate the power of high-resolution functional ex vivo profiling to uncover fundamental mechanisms of immune escape from durable anti-PD-1 responses, while identifying IPCs as a cancer cell subpopulation targetable by specific therapeutic combinations