Modelling and simulation of a thermal storage system based on phase change materials integrated in a tertiary building

Decarbonization of the building sector is one of the key challenges to achieve the ambitious goal of carbon neutrality by 2050, established in the European Green Deal. In this sense, current trends focus on the promotion of onsite renewable energy sources, as well as on the electrification of heating and cooling demands and sector coupling approaches through Power-to-heat strategies. This minimizes energy transportation losses while creating an increased need for storage systems. In this scenario, Thermal Energy Storage (TES) systems gain importance and provide the required flexibility, although the experience with high storage periods and volumes, fast response capacity, easy integration into building facilities and cost-effective and environmentally friendly solutions is still scarce. This paper focuses on a TRNSYS (Transient System Simulation Program) modelling and simulation analysis of different integration strategies of a TES system based on Phase Change Materials (PCM) into a real-scale tertiary building. The target building (CARTIF III) is located in Valladolid, Spain, within a Mediterranean climatic area, and incorporates different energy systems including a local photovoltaic (PV) field and a geothermal heat pump (HP). The combination of the PCM storage with the PV and the geothermal HP is studied for the cooling season (in summer) aiming at maximizing the overall system energy efficiency and minimizing the energy import from the grid, thus pursuing a Smart Island concept. Results from this study will feed the solution design for the actual integration project that will be addressed within the framework of a upcoming EU research project

Shortened first-line high-dose chemotherapy for patients with poor-prognosis aggressive lymphoma

Purpose: Randomized trial LNH93-3 was conducted on patients who had poor-prognosis aggressive lymphoma and were younger than 60 years with two to three factors of the age-adjusted International Prognostic Index to evaluate the benefit of early high-dose therapy (HDT) with autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT). Patients and Methods: Patients were randomized between doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vindesine, bleomycin, and prednisone (ACVBP) chemotherapy followed by sequential consolidation and an experimental shortened treatment consisting of three cycles with escalated doses of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, vindesine, bleomycin, and prednisone and collection of peripheral-blood stem cells. On day 60, HDT was administered with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan followed by ASCT. Results: Eligible patients (n = 370) with aggressive lymphoma were analyzed. For ACVBP (181 patients) and HDT (189 patients), respective complete remission rates were 64% and 63%. With a median follow-up of 60 months, 5-year overall survival and event-free survival for ACVBP and HDT were 60% +/- 8% and 46% +/- 8% (P = .007) and 52 +/- 8% and 39 8% (P = .01), respectively. Survival was independently affected by age greater than 40 years (P = .0003), T-cell phenotype (P = .009), bone marrow involvement (P = .003), and HDT treatment group (P = .04). Conclusion: Early HDT with ASCT in high-risk patients was inferior to the ACVBP chemotherapy regimen. These results indicate that the received dose-intensity before HDT was too low when compared with ACVBP and HDT and was given too early. (C) 2002 by American Society of Clinical Oncology

Comparison of chemotherapy to radiotherapy as consolidation of complete or good partial response after six cycles of chemotherapy for patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease: results of the Groupe d'etudes des Lymphomes de l'Adulte H89 trial

The treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease (HD) with chemotherapy (CTx) alone or combined modality treatments has been controversial. In 1989, we designed a randomized study to compare 2 cycles of CTx to (sub)total nodal irradiation (RTx) as consolidation treatments for patients with stage IIIB/IV Ho in complete remission (CR) or good partial response after 6 cycles of CTx, A total of 559 patients were randomized to receive 6 cycles of MOPP/ABV (mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone/ Adriamycin [doxorubicin], bleomycin, vinblastine) hybrid (n = 266) or ABVPP (n = 267), After induction treatment, 418 patients could be evaluated for the consolidation phase. With a median follow-up of 48 months, the B-year disease-free survival estimates were 80% for 8 cycles of MOPP/ABV, 82% for 6 cycles of MOPP/ABV plus RTx, 68% for 8 cycles of ABVPP, and 75% for 6 cycles of ABVPP plus RTx (P =.01). The 5-year disease-free survival estimates did not differ between CTx and RTx, 74% and 79%, respectively (P =.07), After MOPP/ABV, the B-year overall survival estimates did not differ between CTx and RTx, 85% and 88%, respectively (P =.2). After ABVPP, the 5-year survival estimates were 94% for CTx and 78% for RTx (P =.002), These results showed that RTx was not superior to CTx consolidation after doxorubicin-induced CR for patients with advanced No, Because of the uncertainty of obtaining a prolonged second remission for patients relapsing after CTx and RTx and the possible long-term effects of RTx, we prefer 8 cycles of CTx as standard treatment when a CR has been achieved atter 6 cycles. (Blood, 2000;95:2246-2252) (C) 2000 by The American Society of Hematology

Modelling and simulation of a thermal storage system based on phase change materials integrated in a tertiary building

Decarbonization of the building sector is one of the key challenges to achieve the ambitious goal of carbon neutrality by 2050, established in the European Green Deal. In this sense, current trends focus on the promotion of onsite renewable energy sources, as well as on the electrification of heating and cooling demands and sector coupling approaches through Power-to-heat strategies. This minimizes energy transportation losses while creating an increased need for storage systems. In this scenario, Thermal Energy Storage (TES) systems gain importance and provide the required flexibility, although the experience with high storage periods and volumes, fast response capacity, easy integration into building facilities and cost-effective and environmentally friendly solutions is still scarce. This paper focuses on a TRNSYS (Transient System Simulation Program) modelling and simulation analysis of different integration strategies of a TES system based on Phase Change Materials (PCM) into a real-scale tertiary building. The target building (CARTIF III) is located in Valladolid, Spain, within a Mediterranean climatic area, and incorporates different energy systems including a local photovoltaic (PV) field and a geothermal heat pump (HP). The combination of the PCM storage with the PV and the geothermal HP is studied for the cooling season (in summer) aiming at maximizing the overall system energy efficiency and minimizing the energy import from the grid, thus pursuing a Smart Island concept. Results from this study will feed the solution design for the actual integration project that will be addressed within the framework of a upcoming EU research project